Reciprocal regulation of neuronal activity by s-nitrosylation and S-PALMITOYLATION

• Grant number: 14/02135-3
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• Start date: May 01, 2014
• End date: October 31, 2014
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Biochemistry - Chemistry of Macromolecules
• Principal Investigator: Leonardo Resstel Barbosa Moraes
• Grantee: Alessandra das Graças Fedoce
• Supervisor: Haralambos (Harry) Ischiropoulos
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto , SP, Brazil
• Institution abroad: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), United States
• Associated to the scholarship: 11/20762-7 - Possible involvement of oxidative/nitrosative stress induced by restraint stress in modulation of conditioned emotional response, BP.DR

Abstract

The reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) during normal metabolism signal cells to stimulate proliferation or to cause cellular damages, depending on a specific concentration, a low concentration of ROS and RNS can exert important physiological roles in cellular signaling and proliferation. However, an imbalance in pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis that leads to the generation oxidative/ nitrosative stress (ONS). The ONS contribute to the pathogenesis to the various diseases, such as depressive disorders and of the anxiety. All organisms have adaptive responses to oxidative stress, such as activation of genes encoding defensive enzymes, transcription factors, and structural proteins. Among the techniques developed for the identification of oxidative stress-induced modifications on proteins, the so-called 'redox proteome' appears to be the best-suited approach. The ONS leaves different footprints in the cell in the form of different oxidative modified components and, using the redox proteome, it will be possible to decipher the potential roles played by ROS/RNS-induced modifications in stressed cells. Thus, the understanding of the S- palmitoylation and S-nitrosylation, the selective posttranslational modication of protein, could facilitate the identification of protein markers still unknown, allowing their complete characterization in a given stressed-physiological condition relationships between the cellular hallmarks of a particular stress and the functional and/or structural alterations to proteins. The information obtained from proteomics may be helpful in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression disorders anxiety as well as of other psychiatric disorders. (AU)