Relating cognitive-visual strategies and executive functions: examples with eye-tracking in inductive reasoning and reading tasks

• Grant number: 18/09654-7
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• Start date: December 01, 2018
• End date: September 30, 2021
• Field of knowledge: Humanities - Psychology - Fundamentals and Assessments in Psychology
• Principal Investigator: Elizeu Coutinho de Macedo
• Grantee: Paulo Guirro Laurence
• Host Institution: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS). Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM). Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie. São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated scholarship(s): 19/22022-2 - Visual cognitive strategies used in mathematical multiplication task: insights from eye-tracking sophisticated analysis in matrices test, BE.EP.DR

Abstract

We use cognitive strategies when trying to find some kind of solution to a task. In cognitive tests, these strategies can often be measured according to the movements and behaviors that a person emits during the task. However, there are tasks in which the person does not do any behavior that can be directly observed by the researcher. Thus, eye movement recording devices are a great tool to be able to infer the strategy. In tasks that the participant does not exhibit behaviors until the response (e.g., matrix intelligence test), eye movements indicate where the person looked, and what was the sequence of eye movements. Based on these movements, it is possible to infer different strategies for different types of tasks. These cognitive-visual strategies seem to be directly linked to certain cognitive abilities, such as fluid reasoning and executive functions. Some studies demonstrate or hypothesize such relationship, but never in depth. Thus, a study is needed that seeks to relate these cognitive-visual strategies with constructs of fluid reasoning and executive functions. Therefore, the present investigation has as main objective to understand, identify and interpret how cognitive strategies in different tasks are related to cognitive processes. More specifically, it seeks to understand how cognitive strategies, analyzed through eye movement patterns, are related to executive functions. For this, three studies were carried out. Two of them investigate the strategies in matrix intelligence tests and how they relate to fluid reasoning (study 1) and executive functions (study 2). The third study seeks to understand the relationship between cognitive strategies in the Cloze Test of Reading Comprehension and the working memory (study 3). For each study, tests and scales of executive functions such as Corsi Blocks, Tower of London, Wisconsin Card Classification Test, Digits and BRIEF-A were applied in order to measure executive functions. (AU)

Scientific publications

(9)

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

PINTO, TATIANA MATHEUS; LAURENCE, PAULO GUIRRO; MACEDO, CRISTIANE RUFINO; MACEDO, ELIZEU COUTINHO. Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY, v. 12, NOV 22 2021. (18/09654-7, 19/08921-4)

KUCHARSKY, SIMON; VISSER, INGMAR; TRUTESCU, GABRIELA-OLIVIA; LAURENCE, PAULO G.; ZAHARIEVA, MARTINA; RAIJMAKERS, MAARTJE E. J.. Cognitive strategies revealed by clustering eye movement transitions. JOURNAL OF EYE MOVEMENT RESEARCH, v. 13, n. 1, 2020. (18/09654-7)

LAURENCE, PAULO GUIRRO; MACEDO, ELIZEU COUTINHO. Cognitive strategies in matrix-reasoning tasks: State of the art. PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW, v. 30, n. 1, p. 13-pg., 2022-08-05. (18/09654-7)

LAURENCE, PAULO GUIRRO; BUSIN, YURI; DA CUNHA LIMA, HELENA SCOZ; MACEDO, ELIZEU COUTINHO. Predictors of problematic smartphone use among university students. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA, v. 33, n. 1, MAY 19 2020. (18/09654-7, 18/06039-0)

LAURENCE, PAULO G.; SERPA, ALEXANDRE O.; CUNHA LIMA, HELENA S.; MAVICHIAN, HELEN O.; MACEDO, ELIZEU C.. Cross-cultural adaptation, factor structure, and evidence of reliability of the Smartphone Addiction Scale in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, v. 42, n. 6, p. 608-616, NOV-DEC 2020. (18/06039-0, 18/09654-7)

DA SILVA, PATRICIA BOTELHO; ENGEL DE ABREU, PASCALE M. J.; LAURENCE, PAULO GUIRRO; NICO, MARIA ANGELA NOGUEIRA; SIMI, LUIZ GUSTAVO VAREJAO; TOMAS, RUTE C.; MACEDO, ELIZEU COUTINHO. Rapid Automatized Naming and Explicit Phonological Processing in Children With Developmental Dyslexia: A Study With Portuguese-Speaking Children in Brazil. FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY, v. 11, MAY 27 2020. (15/22506-9, 18/09654-7)

SILVA, PATRICIA BOTELHO; OLIVEIRA, DARLENE GODOY; CARDOSO, AMANDA DOUAT; LAURENCE, PAULO GUIRRO; BOGGIO, PAULO SERGIO; MACEDO, ELIZEU COUTINHO. Event-related potential and lexical decision task in dyslexic adults: Lexical and lateralization effects. FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY, v. 13, p. 14-pg., 2022-11-09. (18/09654-7, 10/17123-0)

LAURENCE, PAULO GUIRRO; JANA, TATIANA ABRAO; BUNGE, SILVIA A.; MACEDO, ELIZEU C.. Eye Gaze Patterns during Reasoning Provide Insights Regarding Individual Differences in Underlying Cognitive Abilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENCE, v. 11, n. 4, p. 22-pg., 2023-04-01. (15/22507-5, 18/09654-7)

LAURENCE, PAULO G.; SERPA, ALEXANDRE O.; CUNHA LIMA, HELENA S.; MAVICHIAN, HELEN O.; MACEDO, ELIZEU C.. Cross-cultural adaptation, factor structure, and evidence of reliability of the Smartphone Addiction Scale in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, v. 42, n. 6, p. 9-pg., 2020-11-01. (18/06039-0, 18/09654-7)