Electromyography and functional neuroimaging markers associated with inhibitory processes in young adults with ADHD

• Grant number: 19/21773-4
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• Effective date (Start): June 01, 2021
• Effective date (End): September 05, 2024
• Field of knowledge: Humanities - Psychology - Cognitive Psychology
• Principal Investigator: Luiz Renato Rodrigues Carreiro
• Grantee: Armando dos Santos Afonso Junior
• Host Institution: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS). Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM). Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie. São Paulo , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that affects not only children, but also adults. Barkley proposed one of the most influent theorical models, which describes cognitive impairments in inhibitory functions that are also associated with ADHD. This model highlights deficits in three different inhibitory functions (inhibition of prepotent responses, inhibition of an ongoing response and interference control) as being essential to the dysexecutive symptoms associated with the disorder. In this context, the current project intends to investigate the mechanisms involved in these three inhibitory functions in young adults with ADHD by the analysis of performance in a computerized task that combines the Stroop-matching and the stop-signal tasks. The variables of the task will be analyzed along with some physiological measures, such as electromyography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The latter have already been used to reveal cortical hypoactivation in young adults with ADHD during inhibitory tasks. Lastly, impulsivity (BIS-11 and UPPS) and executive impairments (BDEFS) self-report measures will also be used. We will search for difference between control and clinical (ADHD) groups in behavioral performance and physiological activations in the different task conditions, also considering impulsivity and executive impairments self-reports. It is expected that individuals with ADHD, with higher scores of impulsivity and executive impairments show worst performance in the inhibitory tasks and distinct patterns in physiological activities. We aim to investigate the cognitive and physiological mechanisms involved in the disorder, contributing to theories and models that seek to describe different ADHD presentations. (AU)

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

AFONSO JUNIOR, ARMANDO DOS SANTOS; MACHADO-PINHEIRO, WALTER; CALDAS OSORIO, ANA ALEXANDRA; SEABRA, ALESSANDRA GOTUZO; TRIGUERO VELOZ TEIXEIRA, MARIA CRISTINA; NASCIMENTO, JULIA DE ARAUJO; RODRIGUES CARREIRO, LUIZ RENATO. Association between ADHD symptoms and inhibition-related brain activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Neuroscience Letters, v. 792, p. 6-pg., 2023-01-01. (20/14800-2, 19/21773-4, 19/20757-5)

CARREIRO, L. R. R.; PAES, I. T.; SILVA, M. M. M.; SEABRA, A. G.. CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF ATTENTIONAL PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIORAL EXPRESSIONS IN ADULTS WITH ADHD SYMPTOMS. EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY, v. 66, p. 1-pg., 2023-03-01. (19/20757-5, 20/14800-2, 19/21773-4)

CARREIRO, L. R. R.; AFONSO JUNIOR, A. A. D. S.; MACHADO-PINHEIRO, W.. Different patterns of frontal and temporoparietal activities related to distinct inhibitory functions in adhd. EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY, v. 66, p. 1-pg., 2023-03-01. (19/20757-5, 20/14800-2, 19/21773-4)