Effect of obesity in the function of the stomatognathic system

• Grant number: 22/09960-6
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate (Direct)
• Start date: November 10, 2022
• End date: November 09, 2023
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Nutrition - Nutritional Analysis of Population
• Principal Investigator: Selma Siéssere
• Grantee: Isabela Hallak Regalo
• Supervisor: Chiarella Sforza
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto (FORP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto , SP, Brazil
• Institution abroad: Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
• Associated to the scholarship: 19/10352-8 - Effect of obesity in children, adolescents and adults: analysis of the stomatognathic system, respiratory function and posture, BP.DD

Abstract

The prevalence of obesity grows worldwide and worries health professionals. The objective of this work is to make a comparative observational study between obese and eutrophic individuals. Objective, subjective and behavioral aspects of the stomatognathic system will be evaluated, as well as occlusion and quality of life. Facial analyzes will also be included using the Vectra H1 system in obese, eutrophic individuals and in patients who accept a diet for a period of two months. We currently have data collected from 120 patients, 60 eutrophics and 60 obese, of different ages, matched by age, height and sex, with clinical records, electromyographic data (Delsys), T-scan, IOPI, bite force, ultrasound, chewing questionnaires (QAQM), OHIP-14 and SF-36. To collect electromyographic data from patients, a Delsys Trigno TM wireless electromyograph was used. Tongue and lip pressure was measured using the Iowa Oral Pressure Instrument (IOPI) and the Kratos digital dynamometer was used for maximum molar bite force. The contacts of occlusal forces (%) between the hemiarches and the first permanent molars were collected (T-Scan® III), as well as the muscle thickness of the masseters and temporalis (Nano Maxx SonoSite ultrasound). Questionnaires on masticatory and quality of life were applied (Food consumption; QAQM; OHIP-14Br and SF-36). Photos of the face of obese and eutrophic patients were obtained using the Vectra H1 portable stereophotogrammetry device. All data obtained so far were tabulated in Excel tables. The purpose of this BEPE internship is for Isabela to learn how to perform different forms of analysis on the electromyographic data collected, establish comparative analyzes between the data of obese and eutrophic patients, as well as correlations between the variables and also learn how to perform facial analysis through the stereophotogrammetry (3D facial analysis). The researchers of the research center coordinated by Prof. Chiarella Sforza and collaborators have extensive knowledge in facial analysis, and also electromyographic analysis through POC (index of the symmetric distribution of the muscular activity determined by the occlusion) and TC (index of presence of mandibular torque), internationally recognized techniques that the our research group in Brazil does not dominate, which would result in knowledge of new techniques, for several other researches in the laboratory and for us to establish partnerships with Italian researchers, with a lot of learning for our group. Data will be analyzed statistically (SPSS 22.0) considering an alpha of 5%. After applying the normality test (Shapiro-Wilk) and observing the QQ-plot graphs, parametric (ANOVA) and/or non-parametric (Kruskal-Wallis) statistics will be performed. The consolidation of this research project will contribute to clarify the influence of obesity on the functions of the stomatognathic system, as well as on the quality of life, generating knowledge for the scientific community favoring treatments and prognosis of individuals affected by this disease. (AU)