Soil P dynamics and availability under P efficient and non-efficient peanut cultivars

• Grant number: 23/06072-5
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• Start date: October 01, 2023
• End date: August 21, 2024
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Crop Science
• Principal Investigator: Ciro Antonio Rosolem
• Grantee: Carlos Felipe dos Santos Cordeiro
• Supervisor: Chad Penn
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Botucatu. Botucatu , SP, Brazil
• Institution abroad: Purdue University, United States
• Associated to the scholarship: 20/14810-8 - Root growth and yield of peanut cultivars affected by phosphorus management, BP.DR

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is one of the main limiting factors for crop productivity in tropical weathered soils due to its high adsorption with iron and aluminum oxides. One of the strategies to improve P use efficiency is to use crops and/or cultivars with greater P use efficiency. Peanut is considered a species with high P use efficiency, but it is still unknown whether this efficiency is dependent on the cultivar. The objectives of the study are to evaluate root growth, soil microbiology and forms of P, and yield of peanut cultivars as affected by P availability. This study involves two experiments in Brazil (greenhouse and field experiments) as part of a doctoral project (2020/14810-8). However, we are suggesting a third study to be carried out in partnership with the University of Purdue - USA. The study will aim to evaluate growth, P uptake, and sorption in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil as affected by the initial P content, soil texture and peanut cultivars (P-efficient and P-inefficient). Soils will be collected in the state of Indiana - USA, in the 0.0-0.20 m layer. The treatments will be peanut cultivars from Brazil: IAC OL3 (early cycle - P-inefficient) and IAC 503 (late cycle - P-efficient) and different soils: clayey texture (low P, medium P and high P), medium texture (low P, medium P and high P) and sandy texture (low P, medium P and high P). Peanut cultivars will be grown for 70 days, then harvested to evaluate dry matter production and P uptake. Rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil will be collected to evaluate sorption and desorption kinetics, real-time calorimetry and fractionation of the soil P. The data generated in this third study will provide fundamental support for the doctoral thesis. (AU)