Influence of regular aerobic exercise on blood variables in apparently healthy men

• Grant number: 23/12256-1
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: February 01, 2024
• End date: December 31, 2024
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy
• Principal Investigator: Aparecida Maria Catai
• Grantee: Clara da Silva Santos
• Host Institution: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS). Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR). São Carlos , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 16/22215-7 - Impact of inspiratory muscle training and aging on metabolic mapping, autonomic modulation, and cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic responses, and prediction of cardiorespiratory health through wearables, AP.TEM

Abstract

The study of blood components brings valuable information about the individual's health. The hemogram and the variables related to the biochemical part of the blood stand out, such as total cholesterol (TC), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG ), basal blood glucose, basal insulin, HOMA-R, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), creatinine and urea. Beneficial changes in the values of these variables have been observed as one of the outcomes of physical exercise. However, traditionally such an observation is based exclusively on the individual analysis of each variable, with the analysis based on the set of them little explored. Multivariate tools such as PLS-DA (Partial least squares-discriminant analysis) make it possible to identify differences between groups based on the set of variables studied and even define the most discriminating variables. The use of multivariate analysis tools, such as the PLS-DA, in the study of blood variables comparing active and sedentary groups, can bring additional information about the benefit of physical exercise on blood markers. The objective of this study will be to investigate the existing differences between the sets of blood variables (indices of the blood count, TC, VLDL, LDL, HDL, TG, glycemia and basal insulin, HOMA-R, HbA1C, hsCRP, creatinine and urea) between the active group and sedentary and rank the importance of these variables in the discrimination of groups. Data from 60 individuals, aged 20 to 70 years, apparently healthy, will be used, which have already been collected in previously approved projects of the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiotherapy - UFSCar (proc. FAPESP n° 2016/22215-7; 2018/25082-3; 2022/02209-3) and additional ones that are being collected in proc. FAPESP No. 2022/02209-3. Participants will be divided into an active group (practice of aerobic physical exercise for more than 6 months on a regular basis with at least 150 min per week, score >8 on the BAECKE questionnaire, and with peak oxygen consumption - VO2PEAK - rated good or above according to the American Heart Association) and sedentary (with none of the previously described criteria met) and will be matched by age. The Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests will be used to analyze the normality and homogeneity of the data, respectively. Comparison between groups, considering blood variables, will be performed using PLS-DA (principal component analysis will be conducted previously) and effect size (Cohen) with a 95% confidence interval for each variable individually. It is expected that the present study will bring additional clarification regarding the benefits of the practice of aerobic physical exercise on blood markers and their repercussions for the individual's health status.