Study of the metabolic profile in active and sedentary aging: metabolomic approach

• Grant number: 18/25082-3
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• Effective date (Start): January 01, 2019
• Effective date (End): December 31, 2022
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy
• Principal researcher: Aparecida Maria Catai
• Grantee: Étore de Favari Signini
• Home Institution: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS). Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR). São Carlos , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 16/22215-7 - Impact of inspiratory muscle training and aging on metabolic maping and autonomic modulation at rest and on cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic responses to exercise in healthy men, AP.TEM

Abstract

Aging is characterized as a complex process, where profound transformations occur at all organic levels (from cells and organelles to organs and systems). It is known, however, that the practice of physical activity has a positive impact on this process and the mechanisms by which physical exercise influences in aging process are not yet fully clarified. Metabolomics presents as an important tool to verify the changes due to aging, as well as physical activity, once that it is possible to identify metabolic variations resulting from lifestyle, as well as physiological processes, as the aging. Objective: To characterize and compare the metabolic patterns of the active and sedentary aging process, every decade, in healthy men between the ages of 20 and 70, correlating with changes already observed in Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Blood Pressure Variability (BPV) in this process. Materials and method: Will be study apparently healthy male subjects, divided into 5 groups with 22 individuals [11 active (trained in cycling) and 11 sedentary] in each group, according to the age group: 21-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years, 51-60 years, 61-70 years, totaling 110 individuals. These will be submitted to 2 days of evaluations: in the first one will be done the collection of blood and the variability of heart rate and variability of blood pressure (HRV and BPV, respectively); and on the second day, the cardiopulmonary test (CPX) will be performed. Blood samples will be centrifuged for serum withdrawal and stored at -80°C. Subsequently, the analyzes of the metabolites will be performed using techniques of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Through the chemometric analysis will be carried out the identification/quantification of the metabolites of interest. The analysis of the HRV and BPV will be the univariate symbolic analysis. A descriptive analysis of the studied groups will be made, the normality of the data will be evaluated by the Shapiro-Wilk Test and the homogeneity by the Levene Test. Parametric and non-parametric tests, respecting the data distribution, will be used to compare the sedentary and active groups in the CPX variables and HRV and BPV indices. The level of significance will be set at p<0.05. Expected results: It is hoped that the findings of this study allow a greater clarification on the organic changes seen in the aging process, as well as the effect of physical activity in this process, due to the determination of related metabolic pathways. Clinical Applicability: This knowledge can help in the understanding of clinical conditions, as well as outline strategies for achieving healthy aging, with less influence from the deleterious effects of a sedentary lifestyle. (AU)