Synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles for encapsulation of antidiabetic drugs

• Grant number: 24/08838-8
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: August 01, 2024
• End date: July 31, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Engineering - Materials and Metallurgical Engineering - Nonmetallic Materials
• Principal Investigator: Dayane Batista Tada
• Grantee: Giovana dos Santos Barreto
• Host Institution: Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT). Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Campus São José dos Campos. São José dos Campos , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 14/50907-5 - INCT 2014 - of obesity and diabetes, AP.TEM

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic dysfunction related to cell glucose intake, categorized in two types: Type 2 DM, where the body develops insulin resistance, and Type 1 DM, an autoimmune disease where the body ceases to produce insulin, treated with multiple daily insulin injections. Type 2 DM can be treated and controlled, with significant reduction in symptoms and possible remission, when treated with medication, following medical instruction as well as implementing lifestyle changes for patients. Antidiabetic drugs have various mechanisms of action, and new drug pathways are in constant development. To help with blood sugar level regulation, Sotaglioflozin acts as a double inhibitor of sodium glucose cotransporters (SGLT) 1 and 2 that can be found in different tissues, but most commonly found in the intestines and kidneys. SGLT's regulation inhibits kidney glucose reabsorption, which helps lower blood sugar levels especially for Type 2 diabetics. However, drug testing revealed various side effects related to Sotaglioflozin use. Due to the positive effects of the medication for health and symptom reduction for type 2 diabetics, this project aims to synthesize polymeric Chitosan nanoparticles with encapsulated medication for controlled release and specific drug delivery to the kidneys. With targeted renal action, symptoms reduction as well as increased double SGLT inhibition effectiveness are expected.