Development and validation of an index to evaluate the inflammatory profile of the diet in the Brazilian population and another Latin population.

• Grant number: 24/00534-0
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• Start date: October 01, 2024
• End date: September 30, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Nutrition - Nutritional Analysis of Population
• Principal Investigator: Regina Mara Fisberg
• Grantee: João Valentini Neto
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Saúde Pública (FSP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 17/05125-7 - Lifestyle, biochemical and genetic markers as cardiometabolic risk factors: Health Survey in São Paulo City, AP.TEM
• Associated scholarship(s): 25/04193-5 - Validation of an index to assess the inflammatory profile of the diet in a Latino population - PROSPECT Study, BE.EP.PD

Abstract

Given the increasing prevalence of Non-Communicable Cardiovascular Diseases (NCDs) and their association with the development and exacerbation of chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, it is essential to investigate potential strategies for assessing and managing these conditions. Among the factors associated with changes in inflammatory profiles, diet has received considerable attention due to the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties of foods, nutrients, and bioactive compounds. This study aims to: 1) conduct a systematic review to summarize the reported associations of foods, nutrients, and bioactive compounds with pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profiles based on human studies; 2) develop an index capable of assessing the inflammatory potential of the diet in adults (age 20-59) and older adults (age 60+) based on the findings from step 1; 3) validate the index resulting from step 2 using data from inflammatory biochemical markers and dietary intake derived from Brazil's ISA-Nutrition 2015 Study, and from the Hispanic Community Health Study - Study of Latinos (SOL). The systematic review has already been appropriately registered on the PROSPERO platform with registration number CRD42021254466. Step 2 will be conducted following specific guidelines for the development of dietary assessment indices. For index validation, data from the ISA-Capital Study (Health Survey of São Paulo) and ISA-Nutrition 2015 will be used, including dietary, sociodemographic, biochemical, anthropometric, and morbidity data in statistical models that allow testing associations, analyzing the predictive value, and assessing the sensitivity and specificity of the index related to the ISA-Nutrition 2015 population data, and The SOL. Keywords: Dietary assessment index. Inflammation. Non-communicable cardiovascular diseases.