Advanced search
Start date
Betweenand


Emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases from the broiler production in multiple reuses the litter

Full text
Author(s):
Ingrid Kely da Silva Santana
Total Authors: 1
Document type: Doctoral Thesis
Press: Piracicaba.
Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/STB)
Defense date:
Examining board members:
Carlos Clemente Cerri; Adibe Luiz Abdalla; Reinaldo Bertola Cantarutti; Luciano Barreto Mendes; Iran José Oliveira da Silva
Advisor: Carlos Clemente Cerri
Abstract

Many countries have sought to investigate the emissions of GHG and ammonia (NH3) in livestock production to better understand the dynamics and the excess of these gases in the atmosphere. The information available in the literature on GHG emissions and NH3 in poultry houses are variable and uncertain due to the diversity and particular conditions of the facilities, as well as the numerous differences in the authoring system and the complex interactions observed in animal manure. The characterization of emissions from poultry sector is usually performed by monitoring of gas concentrations in the production facilities. However, some of the methods adopted are inadequated due to interference from other gases, thus, the measurements may not accurately reflect the actual emissions. In this context, this research developed a sampling system with lower interference that directly measure the emissions of N2O, CH4 and NH3 of broiler manure. The proposed methodology includes the principle of static chamber, and gas chromatography (GC) analysis to determine GHG emissions. For the direct quantification of NH3 emissions a semi-open static method was adapted based on the capture of volatilized NH3 from manure of broilers, in an acidic solution. In addition, the daily monitoring of NH3, CH4 and N2O emissions from broiler manure considered the reutilization of poultry litter, which is the usual management. Empirical models were proposed in the study to predict emissions of N2O, CH4 and NH3, depending on the number of reuses of the litter, the age of the birds and physicochemical properties of the litter. Cumulative emissions per production four cycle allowed us to calculate an annual loss of 0.14, 0.35 and 72.0 g N2O, CH4, NH3 bird-place-1 year-1, respectively. Considering the number of broilers grown in 2015, the poultry production chain emitted about 545.1 Gg CO2eq derived from poultry manure management, corresponding to 0.04 kg CO2 eq per kg meat. A reduction of 21, 40 and 78% was observed in the annual emissions of N2O, CH4 and NH3, respectively, when the litter is used in only one breeding cycle instead of six cycles. However, an N balance was conducted to account N inputs and outputs in the production of broiler during the four breeding cycles. The main entrance of N in the production system was the ration, as a secondary input, the N via poultry litter, which increased considerably each reuse cycle. This research presents an applicable and innovative methodology for determining GHG flows in open sheds houses in Brazil. The data presented will be useful to the Brazilian annual inventory of GHG emissions derived from poultry manure. Moreover the present data has the potential to prompt new research that might further the knowledge on the impacts and GHG mitigation alternatives in the production of broiler thus enhancing sustainability in meat production in Brazil (AU)

FAPESP's process: 12/23983-7 - NITROGEN AND GREENHOUSE GASES BALANCE IN THE BROILER PRODUCTION
Grantee:Ingrid Kely da Silva Santana
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate