Geomorphologial dynamic and anthropic changes of Comprida Island (SP)

Author(s)

Tissiana de Almeida de Souza

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Geociências
• Defense date: 2014-08-28

Examining board members

Regina Célia de Oliveira; Cenira Maria Lupinacci da Cunha; Salvador Carpi Junior; Kátia Canil; Carlos Conforti Ferreira Guedes

• Advisor: Regina Célia de Oliveira

Abstract

Coastal areas are considered high environmental susceptibility systems, due to the location on the ocean-continent interface. The Comprida Island, located on the southern coast of São Paulo State, was the last major event responsible for the current configuration of the São Paulo coast, as stated Ab'Saber (2003). Although this is an Environmental Protection Area and shelters environmental systems and landforms well preserved, the island undergoes a process of parceling through lots and environmental degradation of its landscape, which arouses the need for a recognition study of landforms and processes generating these forms. Thus, based on the Systems Approach applied to Geomorphology, the main objective of this research was to analyze the changes in the geomorphological dynamics of Comprida Island, by understanding the changing landforms and their generating processes over geological time, with order to identify the transformations occurred in the landscape of the island and to contribute with the planning applied to coastal areas. Therefore, it was necessary to perform the Detailed Geomorphological Mapping of the study area in different temporal scenarios (1962, 1972, 1981, 2000, 2011-2012). To identify and understand the changes in the landscape of Comprida Island, also were performed Land Use Mapping in the same scenarios used for Geomorphological Maps. As a result of the research, for geomorphological maps, the following compartments were identified: Current marine accumulation, Marine terraces accumulation, Fluvial plain accumulation, Fluviomarine plain accumulation and Morrete; and the landforms: beach ridges, marine terrace edge, flat bottom valley, abandoned meanders, fixed dunes and dismantled dunes. Based on the preparation of land use maps, it was observed that major interventions in the relief features of Comprida Island are given by real state speculation, with the opening of allotments, streets and urban expansion. It can be argued that the older scenarios (1962 and 1972) the geomorphological evolution analysis is based on processes-response systems, because were noted the smaller anthropogenic interventions on the Comprida Island landscape, with compartments and landforms and vegetation characteristics well preserved. From 1981 to the latest scenario (2011-2012), one may considerer the study area as a control system, because the anthropogenic activities cause enourmous changes of the compartments and landforms and the type of land use, especially in the central and Northeastern portions of the island, which concentrates most of population (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/09859-9 - Geo morphodynamic analysis of Ilha Comprida (SP): a review of antrophogenic changes
• Grantee: Tissiana de Almeida de Souza
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate