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Ecological risk assessment of metals in sediments of Guanabara Bay (RJ), through a tiered approach based on multiple lines of evidence

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Author(s):
Bruno Galvão de Campos
Total Authors: 1
Document type: Master's Dissertation
Press: São Vicente. 2017-02-06.
Institution: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Instituto de Biociências. São Vicente
Defense date:
Advisor: Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
Abstract

The Guanabara Bay (GB) comprises approximately 70% of the industries of Rio de Janeiro State. The wastes produced by these sources, combined with the domestic sewage loads, have transformed the region into one of the most polluted areas of the Brazilian coast. The present study evaluated the ecological risk of metals in sediments from the GB by the use of a tiered approach. The chosen method combines the following lines of evidence: geochemistry, comparison of environmental concentrations of metals with sediment quality guidelines, chronic sediment toxicity tests with Anomalocardia brasiliana and Nitocra sp.; and acute sediment toxicity tests with Tiburonella viscana, Kalliapseudes schubartii, and Anomalocardia brasiliana. To verify the existence of cause and effect relationships between metals and toxicity, the Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) technique, multivariate analysis (PCA) and qualitative matrices were used. Sediments showed high to moderate levels of metals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr) associated with toxicity. In addition, the TIE has revealed that metals, ammonia and organic compounds contribute to cause sediment toxicity. We concluded that metals are an important class of contaminants for the GB, together with other chemicals, as they are present in high concentrations, interact with other substances and are (co)responsible for the negative biological effects. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 15/13143-0 - Ecotoxicological analysis of the Guanabara Bay (RJ) sediment through Bioaccumulation Test and Toxicity Evaluation Identification (TIE) method
Grantee:Bruno Galvão de Campos
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master