Resistant starch, digestibility and glucose and insulin postprandial responses of adult and elderly dogs

Author(s)

Érico de Mello Ribeiro

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Jaboticabal. 2017-03-29.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. Jaboticabal
• Defense date: 2016-02-26
• Advisor: Aulus Cavalieri Carciofi

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of resistant starch (RS) consumption in adult and elderly dogs on nutrient digestibility, fermentation products and postprandial glucose and insulin responses. The same formulation was processed in two different ways, producing diets with low (0.21%) and high (1.46%) RS levels. Consumption, digestibility and fermentation products data were evaluated by SAS GLM function considering a randomized block design in time (cross over), with treatments in a factorial design in two age levels and two feed levels. We used analysis of variance of repeated measurements over time to assess the effects of diet and time on postprandial glucose and insulin responses. The protein digestibility was greater in the diet with low RS. Adult dogs produced feces with higher volume, water content and pH, as well as higher concentrations of acetic acid, short chain and volatile fatty acids. Consumption of high RS diet produced faeces with higher concentrations of propionic and butyric acids, and in elderly group this diet also increased the concentration of lactate, corroborating the lowest pH of stools in this age group. Fecal ammonia was higher in the elderly dogs, and the consumption of high RS diet by this age group reduced these concentrations. The minimum and average blood glucose levels were higher in adult dogs, as well as glucose areas under the curve (AUC) during periods 0-120, 0-240', 0-720' and 420-720'. Only in the elderly the consumption of high RS diet reduced glucose AUC. Incremental glucose AUC was greater in the elderly during the intermediate period. The greater consumption of RS was beneficial to intestinal fermentation, reducing fecal pH and higher butyrate concentration in both age groups. In the elderly group, additional benefit was achieved by the reduction of fecal ammonia. Elderly dogs presented greater post-prandial insulin secretion to maintain normoglycemia. The high RS diet reduced glycemia in the elderly, but not in the adult group. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/16501-1 - Aging and resistant starch consumption on glucose and insulin postprandial response of dogs
• Grantee: Érico de Mello Ribeiro
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master