Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Karen Mendes Graner
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Botucatu. 2017-08-09. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Medicina. Botucatu |
| Defense date: | 2017-07-14 |
| Advisor: | Ana teresa de Abreu Ramos Cerqueira; Antonio Bento Alves de Moraes |
| Abstract | |
Common Mental Disorders and hazardous alcohol consumption in university students have been the focus of researchers; however, studies that focus on mental health and risk behaviors of dental students are less frequent. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of CMD and hazardous alcohol consumption, and its associations with sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, relational aspects, academic life’ perceptions, coping and resilience of dental students in the State of University of Campinas - UNICAMP. Three scientific papers are presented: an integrative review and two empirical studies about CMD and hazardous alcohol consumption of dental students. The review investigated, in publications between 2006 and 2016, risk and protective factors for psychological distress in university students. The empirical studies had cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical design. The sample in these studies was composed by 230 students, 71.8% enrolled in the four years of the dentistry course. Students answered to a standardized questionnaire and six instruments: Self-Repporting Questionnarie-20 (SRQ-20; CMD), Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (hazardous alcohol consumption), Social Support Scale of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS; social support), Dundee Ready Education Environment (DREEM; educational environment’ perception), Ways of Coping (WC; coping strategies) and Resilience Scale (RS; resilience). We conducted a descriptive and bivariate analyzes, and a logistic regression (LR) performed for successive models. Of the total sample, 30.0% were in the first grade, 21.7% in the second grade, 31.2% in the third grade and 17.0% in the fourth grade, 75.2% of which were women. The mean age was 20.6 (SD ± 1.99), the majority reported having no partner (98.7%), living with friends (59.6%), having father and mother with complete higher education (66.1%, 63.5%), high family income (65.9%) and monthly cost more than two minimum wages (87.6%). Most of students did not receive allowance or it was insufficient (61.6%), had not worked in the last six months (91.3%), were religious (84.3%) and considered it very important (54.8%). Descriptive analysis indicated high averages for overall positive perception of social support (total MOS: 72.7, SD: 15.9), educational environment’perception (total DREEM: 119.9; 9), and resilience (RS: 124.1, SD: 16.4). Positive reappraisal was the coping strategy most reported (13.6, SD: 4.7, 1-27) and escape/avoidance the less use strategy (1.7, SD: 1.8). The prevalence of CMD was 45.2% (95% CI: 38.7-51.6), and 29.6% (95% CI: 23.7% -35.9%) of the students presented hazardous alcohol consumption, which was significantly higher among men (p<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for CMD were having unsatisfactory extracurricular activities (OR: 4.5, CI: 1.9-10.7), having negative perception of their health (OR: 4.24;9-9,8) and of their academic performance (OR: 3.8; CI: 1.3-10.5), having psychological/psychiatric treatment during the course (OR: 2.65; CI: 1,1-6,1), and using confrontive coping (OR: 1.20; CI: 1.0-1.4). Resilience (OR: 0.93; CI: 0.9- 1.0) was identified as a protective factor for CMD. Regarding risk factors for hazardous alcohol consumption identified in LR were being in the third grade (OR: 3.72, CI: 1.55-8.90), having received hazing (OR: 3.29 , CI: 1.54-7.03), being male (OR: 3.19, CI: 1.57-6.49) and having higher family income (OR: 2.87; CI: 1.31-6, 28). In this study, the prevalence of CMD and hazardous alcohol consumption was higher than identified in general population. Individuals characteristics (sex, income), health aspects (self-assessment of health, history of psychological / psychiatric treatment), behavioral (coping and resilience) and especially those characteristics related to academic life (series, extracurricular activities, academic performance) influenced the outcomes. Longitudinal studies may contribute to clarify the findings. Although this study carried out with a specific university population (dental students of one university), the findings suggest the relevance of preventive and care actions in university students contributing to their well-being. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 14/09323-0 - Mental health, living conditions and behaviors of dental students |
| Grantee: | Karen Mendes Graner |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |