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| Author(s): |
Victor de Carvalho Calvanese
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Biociências (IBIOC/SB) |
| Defense date: | 2017-09-13 |
| Examining board members: |
Antonio Domingos Brescovit;
Amazonas Chagas Junior;
Facundo Martín Labarque
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| Advisor: | Antonio Domingos Brescovit |
| Abstract | |
Geophilomorpha is the most diverse of the five orders of Chilopoda, counting on 1250 species in seven families and 215 genera. For the Neotropical region about 320 species are known, 91 genera in five families: Balophilidae, Schendylidae, Oriydae, Mecistocephalidae e Geophilidae. Aphilodontinae is currently a member of the Geophilidae and has a distribution in the south-central region of the South American continent and South Africa. It currently has four genera: Aphilodon with 14 species, four Neotropical and 10 African, Mecophilus and Mecistauchenus, endemic to Brazil and Philacroterium, South African, the three monotypic. In this project we discuss the phylogenetic relationships and the taxonomy of Aphilodontinae genera through a morphological study based on the type and non-type material found in the main national and international miriapodological collections. Thirteen of the seventeen valid species of Aphilodontinae were examined and seven new species are described for Brazil in the states of Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. For the phylogenetic study, 34 terminals had 54 morphological characters analyzed, of which 14 were obtained in the literature and 40 were tested for the first time. Representatives of 20 species of Aphilodontinae were compared with at least two representatives of all other subfamilies of Geophilidae, including Geophilinae, Ribautiinae, Macronicophilinae, Dignathodontinae and Linotaeniinae. Dicellophilus carniolencis, from Mecistocephalidae was used for rooting. The phylogenetic analysis was performed in the TNT program under exhaustive search (IP Command) with egalitarian weighing. The optimization performed in the Winclada software was based on the unambiguous state between terminals. As a result, we recovered a single more parsimonious tree, with 119 steps. The results of our analysis show a new arrangement of the taxa in Aphilodontinae, where: 1- Geoperingueyia (Geophilidae) should be transferred into Aphilodontinae. 2- Mecistauchenus and Mecophilus are junior synonyms of Aphilodon. 3 - The African species of Aphilodon are related to species-type of Philacroterium, and, therefore, are transferred. Based on our results we provided identification keys for the subfamilies of Geophilidae, for the genera of Aphilodontinae and their species, a new taxonomic organization for Aphilodontinae, as well as distribution maps of the subfamily species (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 15/19675-3 - Revision and cladistic analysis of the genera of Aphilodontidae Silvestri, 1909 (Chilopoda; Geophilomorpha) |
| Grantee: | Victor de Carvalho Calvanese |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |