Evaluation of lead exposure on the methylation pattern of promoter regions of genes associated to the metal metabolism, in workers of automotive battery industries

Author(s)

Paula Picoli Devóz

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2017-11-28

Examining board members

Gustavo Rafael Mazzaron Barcelos; Maria Sol Brassesco Annichini; Ilce Mara de Syllos Colus; Antonio Cardozo dos Santos

• Advisor: Gustavo Rafael Mazzaron Barcelos

Abstract

Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal that accumulates in the body and induces several effects, affecting several systems, such as renal, gastrointestinal, reproductive, endocrine, hepatic and hematopoietic. Regarding epigenetic studies, when compared to other metals, Pb is the least studied and, therefore, very little is known about the epigenetic effects on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of Pb and, consequently, on the toxicity induced by the metal. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the methylation pattern of GCLC and MT2A gene promoter regions, to quantify the percentage of global methylation in addition to hepatic and renal measurement levels and to associate them with Pb exposure. According to the STROBE and STREGA guidelines, 100 male workers between 18 and 67 years old participated in the study. About 6.0 mL of blood and 5.0 mL of serum were collected after signing the free and informed consent term (TCLE). Pb concentrations in blood (b-Pb) and plasma (p-Pb) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); the genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and quantified by specific kits. The DNA samples were treated with sodium bisulfite and the quantification of the DNA global methylation percentage of workers exposed to the metal was determined by the indirect Elisa method and the sequencing of the samples to evaluate the methylation pattern of GCLC (Catalytic Subunit of Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase) and MT2A (Metallothionein 2A) by the technique of pyrosequencing. The activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (TGO) and pyruvic (TGP) enzymes as well as gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in plasma were also determined by UV / Visible spectrophotometry. About 32% of volunteers regularly drink alcohol and 12% are smokers. The mean b-Pb concentration was 19 ± 10 ?g / dL (ranging from 1.8 to 48 ?g / dL) and p-Pb 0.56 ± 0.64 ?g / dL reaching values up to 4.0 ?g / dL. Most of the individuals had concentrations of urea, creatinine, TGO, TGP and GGT within the reference values. In relation to the epigenetic markers, an inverse association was observed between b-Pb and p-Pb concentrations, individuals with high concentrations of the metal, had lower % of global DNA methylation. Regarding the study of the promoter regions of the MT2A and GCLC genes, the results suggest that Pb does not alter the methylation in the CpG islands located in the promoter regions of the MT2A and GCLC genes, however, it was able to induce changes in the DNA global methylation pattern, providing results on possible interactions between the genome and the metal. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/07277-3 - Evaluation of lead exposure on the methylation pattern of promoter regions of genes associated to the metal metabolism, in workers of automotive battery industries
• Grantee: Paula Pícoli Devóz
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master