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| Author(s): |
Tássia Fraga Bastos
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Ciências Médicas |
| Defense date: | 2016-02-24 |
| Examining board members: |
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros;
Celia Landmann Szwarcwald;
Maria Rita Donalisio Cordeiro;
Paulo Dalgalarrondo;
Sandhi Maria Barreto
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| Advisor: | Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros |
| Abstract | |
Epidemiological studies investigating the health differentials between men and women have substantially appreciated the debate on the biggest female disadvantage in morbidity data. Men have higher premature mortality rates, and display high proportions of serious and chronic health conditions and adopt more often unhealthy behaviors, however, they seem less visible in research and prevention and health promotion. The aim of this study was to assess health differentials, according to sex, in population aged 20 to 59 years old living in Campinas. Data were collected through a household survey conducted in the city of Campinas in 2008/2009 (2008/2009 ISACamp). The sample consisted of 957 men and women aged 20 to 59 years. To estimate the prevalence and associations, we used the chi-square test modified for complex samples, with significance level of 5% and to obtain the prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective confidence intervals, Poisson regression was made. Analyses were performed in STATA version 11. The results are presented in three articles. The first article, entitled " 'Healthy men' and high mortality: contributions from a population-based study to the gender paradox of discussion" used ISACamp data and Mortality Information System (MIS). Differences were found between the sexes, with greater disadvantage of women in socio-economic conditions in the presence of part of chronic diseases and all the health problems reported, while the men were disadvantaged in indicators of health-related behaviors and in all causes of mortality, reinforcing the presence of paradox in this population. In the second article, "Smoking profile in adults: differentials between men and women", the demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with smoking were the same in both sexes (age, religion and education). Women who consumed alcohol at any frequency, with positive AUDIT and inadequate consumption of fruits, milk and soft drinks were more likely to be smokers. Inadequate intake of fruit, long sleep duration and insomnia have increased the prevalence of smoking in men. Almost half of smokers had moderate or serious dependence of nicotine, 25% tried to stop three times or more and returned mainly because they feel angry and anxious. The third article, "Consumer risk of alcohol related factors and differences between men and women", identified prevalence of risk consumption of alcohol of 9.5%, higher in men aged 30-49 years in the black and brown, single and stable, in smokers and former smokers and those who had at least one health problem. Assessing items AUDIT by sex, men had higher prevalence rate of frequency and volume of alcohol consumption, as well as signs of addiction and alcohol problems. The findings reveal health differences between sexes and point to the need for greater attention to the health specificities of each segment. Among women the unhealthy behaviors had more importance in the predisposition to smoking than men. It is emphasized that the treatment for smoking cessation should make joint approach to alcohol treatment. In the men's segment, it suggests further training of professionals to include men's care in their practices (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 12/07970-2 - Gender and health: a focus on the adult male population in population-based study |
| Grantee: | Tássia Fraga Bastos |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |