Experimental approaches in proteomics and glycomics applied to the characterization of snake venom Bothrops alcatraz

Author(s)

Débora Andrade Silva

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ)
• Defense date: 2016-02-16

Examining board members

Solange Maria de Toledo Serrano; Maria Teresa Machini; Giuseppe Palmisano

• Advisor: Solange Maria de Toledo Serrano

Abstract

The Brothrops genus is largely distributed on the Brazilian territory, and B. jararaca is the species of most medical importance in the Southeastern region. Genetic and phylogeographic analyses describe the existence of a monophyletic group, named Jararaca group, which is composed of B. jararaca and of the insular species B. alcatraz and B. insularis. The close evolutionary relationship between these species, which started in the Pleistocene era, and their diet-related differences, are important aspects for the understanding of their venoms and biological activities. The aim of this study was to characterize the venom of B. alcatraz by different analytical methodologies, in order to advance the knowledge on the venoms of Bothrops genus and on the evolution of the venoms of species of the Jararaca group. The analytical approaches used in this study included the charactrization of the proteomes of the venoms of the Jararaca group by electrophoresis and protein identification by trypsin digestion and analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), N-terminomic and peptidomic analyses of the venom of B. alcatraz by LC-MS/MS and glycosylation analyses of the venoms of the Jararaca group by treatment with glycosidases, affinity chromatography to lectins (concanavalin A, Con A; wheat germ agglutinin, WGA; peanut agglutininin, PNA) and characterization of the N-glicomes by MSn. The one-dimensional electrophoretic profiles were evaluated under reducing and non-reducing conditions and showed that the venom of B. alcatraz differs from B. jararaca (newborn and adult) and B. insularis (adult) venoms. The two-dimensional electrophoretic profile of B. alcatraz venom corroborated these differences and revealed that the milking of the venom in the presence or in the absence of proteinase inhibitors influences the number of spots visualized on the gel. The results of the analysis of venom proteomes of the Jararaca group showed no significant qualitative differences between them; moreover, the three venoms showed a similar pattern of distribution of toxins classes. However, the label free quantitative analysis of these proteomes revealed some differences, and indicated that the venom of B. alcatraz has a higher content metaloproteinses and phospholipase A2 than B. jararaca and B. insularis venoms. The identification of B. alcatraz venom peptidome showed various forms of bradykinin-potentiating peptides, as well as products of the degradation of different toxins classes. The assessment of the glycosylation level of proteins of the three venoms showed that after removal of N-glycan and O-glycan chains their electrophoretic profiles become more similar. The identification of B. alcatraz venom proteins that showed affinity for lectins indicated that ConA interacted with a larger number of components, followed by WGA and PNA. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the N-glicome of the venoms of the Jararaca group showed that they share the same N-glycan structures, which were also found in similar relative abundance. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that in the Jararaca group, the venom proteomes of B. jararaca and B. insularis show similarity to each other and differ from the venom of B. alcatraz, especially with respect to the degree of protein glycosylation. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/14651-3 - Experimental approaches in proteomics and glycomics applied to the characterization of Bothrops alcatraz
• Grantee: Débora Andrade Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master