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| Author(s): |
Arthur Cassio de Lima Luna
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina (FM/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2017-09-14 |
| Examining board members: |
Durvanei Augusto Maria;
Solange Castro Afeche;
Vera Luiza Capelozzi;
Marcia Saldanha Kubrusly
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| Advisor: | Durvanei Augusto Maria |
| Abstract | |
Synthetic phosphoethanolamine (PHO-S) - a phosphomonoester - has shown relevant anticancer effects. However, the utilization of a carrier to encapsulate the PHOS in liposomes can maximize its availability in the tumor microenvironment, allowing an increase in its effectiveness. Thus, the present study has evaluated efficiency of PHO-S encapsulation in DODAC liposomes and its antitumor potential. The liposomes were prepared by ultrasonication and physico-chemically characterized. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated on B16F10 cells (murine melanoma), Hepa1c1c7 cells (murine hepatocellular carcinoma), Skmel-28 (human melanoma) and in endothelial cells HUVEC, after treatment with DODAC/PHO-S liposomes at different concentrations for 24 hours. The internalization of the liposomes and mitochondrial electrical potential were analyzed by confocal laser microscopy. Additionally, the expression of active caspases 3 and 8, receptor DR4, cytochrome c, p53 p53, p21, Bax, p27, CD44, CD90, Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 proteins was quantified by flow cytometry. For in vivo studies, C57BL/6J mice with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with PHO-S, DODAC/PHO-S and DODAC, by intraperitoneal (IP) and intratumoral (IT) routes for 20 days. The results demonstrated that liposomes presented spherical aspect and high PHO-S encapsulation efficiency, as also promoted high cytotoxic effect - compared with PHO-S. Furthermore, in B16F10 and Hepa1c1c7 cells, the liposomes induced S and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Hepa1c1c7 cells showed greater sensitivity to the DODAC/PHO-S formulation, which were internalized until 6 hours and promoted a decrease in the expression of CD90, CD44, cyclin D1 and Bcl-2, an increase of de p53, p21, p27, Bax and active caspases 8 and 3 and the liberation of cytochrome c. The significant increase in the expression of active caspases 3 and 8, DR4 receptor and liberation of cytochrome c also occurred in B16F10 and Skmel-28 cells. In vivo results showed that DODAC/PHO-S liposomes and PHO-S did not induce nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and cachexia. DODAC/PHO-S liposomes did not cause myelosuppression and hemolysis, presenting lower toxicity in relation to PHO-S - when administered by IP and IT routes. Moreover, treatment with DODAC/PHO-S (IT) and PHO-S (IT and IP) effectively decreased the number of cells in S phase. However, only DODAC/PHO-S liposomes significantly reduced the number of tumor foci, increasing area of necrosis, and also promoting an increase in gene expression of p53, cyclin B1 and caspases 8 and 3. The set of in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that DODAC/PHO-S liposomal formulation was capable of maximizing the PHO-S antitumor effects, activating the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of the apoptosis (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 15/02950-1 - Evaluation of the antitumor effects of the DODAC/synthetic phosphoethanolamine liposomal formulation in a model of hepatocellular |
| Grantee: | Arthur Cassio de Lima Luna |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct) |