Characterization of virulence determinants, integrons class 1 and genes for antimicrobial resistance of strains of Salmonella enterica isolated from food and related sources

Author(s)

Vinicius Buccelli Ribeiro

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ)
• Defense date: 2007-11-06

Examining board members

Maria Teresa Destro; Flavio Alterthum; Elsa Masae Mamizuka

• Advisor: Maria Teresa Destro

Abstract

Salmonella is one of the most important foodborne pathogens in Brazil and worldwide. Due to the emerging of multiresistant phenotypes in Salmonella the characterization of the genes involved in this process, their localization and diversity are important for identifying and understanding the factors involved in the resistance. The purpose of this study was to characterize virulence and antimicrobial determinants in different serovars of antibiotic multiresistant Salmonella enterica strains isolated from pork, poultry and related sources. The isolates belonged to nine different PFGE profiles obtained with Xbal restriction enzyme and showing genetic similarity ranging from 38% to 68%. Class 1 integrons were detected in 9 (45%) of 20 S. enterica strains ranging in size from 0,7Kb to 2,7Kb and comprising five different serotypes: Brandenburg, Panama, Agona, Mbandaka and Alachua. Resistance genes aadA, qacEΔl, sul1, tetA, sul2, dhfr, blatem, that confer resistance to aminoglicosides, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, ammonium quaternary compounds and beta-Iactams, respectively, were identified within class 1 integrons, chromosome, or both. Genes aad8, floR, tetB and tetG were not detected. The resistance to quinolones was characterized in 11 strains that showed resistance to nalidixic acid analyzing gyrA genes and Ser-83-Fen mutations were confirmed after sequencing of the samples. Conjugation studies demonstrated that only one S. Mbandaka strain was able to transfer sul2 gene to the E.coli K12. Regarding virulence profile Salmonella enterica strains were characterized and PCR analysis revealed the presence of the virulence genes invA, aceK, sop8, slyA in all isolates and the presence of virulence gene h-1i in 18 (90%) of them. The spvC gene was not detected in the five strains that harbored plasmids. The data of the present study suggest that foods of animal origin can be considered reservoirs of Salmonella enterica that are virulent, resistant and show class 1 integrons. This characterizes pork and poultry products as important sources of multi-resistant pathogens to human beings. (AU)