Lipids and fatty acids in growth and reproductive performance of lambari (Astyanax altiparanae).

Author(s)

Ligia Uribe Gonçalves

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Pirassununga.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Zootecnica e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZE/BT)
• Defense date: 2010-11-26

Examining board members

Elisabete Maria Macedo Viegas; Judite das Graças Lapa Guimarães; Luiz Edivaldo Pezzato; Ana Lúcia Salaro

• Advisor: Elisabete Maria Macedo Viegas

Abstract

Three trials were conducted to determine the effect of lipid sources on lambari reproductive and growth performances as well as to make the comparison in the fatty acid profiles in tissues of lambari wild and captive. For the reproduction and growth performances were provided since the larval stage until the reproductive period (11 months), three diets containing different sources of oil: soybean oil (SO); tilapia waste oil (IT); salmon waste oil ( SA). During the reproductive period, fish (36 females and 72 males) were artificially induced to spawn and the reproduction parameters (volume and total number of eggs, fertilization and hatching rates, egg diameter and larval length) were evaluated, as well as monitoring of oocyte regeneration post-spawning. It were observed larger eggs and larvae and higher fertilization rate in the progeny of fish fed diets containing fish oil, which may be related to higher n-3/n-6 ratio values found in the eggs. For the trial of growth performance were used 192 sexed lambaris (male anal fin spines) with 120 males (mean weight 2.58 ± 0.13g) and 72 females (mean weight 4.00 ± 0.09g). The fish were separated on a random method in a factorial scheme 3 x 2, composed by three diets (SO, TI e SA) and two sexes. It was verified that females had higher weight gain, improved feed conversion and protein efficiency rates than males, which showed higher survival at the end of the trial, regardless of diet. In the third trial were collected 30 wild and 30 captive females. The lipids of tissues (muscle, liver and ovary) were extracted from each group and were separated (polar and non polar) and thus determined the fatty acids profiles. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and F test. The lambaris of both groups had mean of 3.5g.100g-1 in the muscle and the wild fish ovaries showed the highest concentration of lipids (14.447g.100g-1) than farming fish (13.181 g.100g-1). The diet failed to supply the minimum amount of important fatty acids in fractions and total lipids of cultivate females and these evidences were higher in the ovaries. Linolenic acid which is considered essential for freshwater fish, was present in smaller amounts in total lipids and polar and nonpolar fractions in all tissues of the cultivated lambari, which may be related to default in commercial diets for omnivores fish. In view of parameters observed in reproduction and growth trials, it can be suggest the inclusion of waste tilapia and salmon oil in lambari broodstock diet. Also it was observed that lambaris have the capacity elongation and desaturation of fatty acids with 18 carbons in the chain for the Arachidonic Acid (AA), Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) production due to low amount of these fatty acids in the diet and the increase in the tissues. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 07/53876-0 - Reproductive performance of lambaris (Astyanax altiparanae) fed with oil obtained from fish residues
• Grantee: Ligia Uribe Gonçalves
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)