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| Author(s): |
Acácio Aparecido Navarrete
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2009-09-14 |
| Examining board members: |
Tsai Siu Mui;
Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira;
Vivian Helena Pellizari
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| Advisor: | Tsai Siu Mui |
| Abstract | |
The present study was part of a wider project of international cooperation entitled Conservation and Sustainable Management of Below-Ground Biodiversity CSMBGBD/ BiosBrasil, established by the United Nations Environment Programmer (UNEP) at the basin of Alto Solimões, Western Amazon, Amazonas State. This region is a remanescent territory of indigenous people and remains conserved, being considered an important hotspot of biodiversity. Even though, the studied areas were characterized by mosaic landscapes under different land use systems. Soil samples were collected in a period of high pluviometric index in the years 2008 and 2009 in areas characterized by tropical rainforest, semi permanent manioc cultivation under agricultural management of slash-and-burn, pasture established in the 1970s and forested areas at a higher stage of regeneration (>10 years abandoned). The samples were analyzed by DGGE, ARISA techniques, cloning and sequencing in order to obtain a characterization of the community structure of Archaea, Bacteria and microfungi and the composition and diversity of an archaeal functional group involved in the process of ammonia oxidation in the soil environments. The results allowed to conclude that land use has a great effect on the community structure of Archaea, Bacteria and microfungi present in the soil and suggest that long period of abandon of the areas is necessary to accomplish with the resilience of Amazonian ecosystems in the context of landscape recomposition. Additionally, the data revealed that richness and community diversity of ammonia oxidizing Archaea were able to sensitively reflect the changes observed in the soil environment due to deforestation of rainforest areas and subsequent use with traditional agriculture cultivation and pasture in the region of Alto Solimões, Western Amazon. (AU) | |