Effect of dietary magnesium deficiency on insulin resistance and on inflammatory and oxidative status in rats fed with high-fat diet

Author(s)

Cristiane Hermes Sales

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ)
• Defense date: 2013-06-27

Examining board members

Celia Colli; Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno; Ana Maria Pita Lottenberg; Ligia Araujo Martini; Fernando Salvador Moreno

• Advisor: Celia Colli

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess, in rats, the effects of high-fat and magnesium (Mg) deficient diet, in short-time, on adiposity, magnesium status, insulin sensitivity, and oxidative and inflammatory status. Firstly, it was realized a pilot study (n = 12), 24 days, which allowed to assess the dietary patterns of the animals. The high-fat diet tested had its micronutrient composition increased proportionally to the expected reduction in consumption. Based in these results, it was outlined the principal study, 32 days, with the animals fed with control diet (ad libitum [CT; n = 8] and pair-feeding [PF; n = 16]), and high-fat diet (adequate [HF; n = 12] and magnesium deficient [HFMg-; n = 12]). It was assessed the adiposity, serum lipid profile, Mg status, insulin resistance (fasting glucose and insulin, insulin tolerance test - ITT, phosphorylation of insulin receptor [IR-β], insulin receptor substrate 1 [IRS-1] and protein kinase B [Akt]), and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. The consumption of HFMg- and HF results in greater weight gain and adiposity compared to PF. Likewise, the high-fat groups showed serum total cholesterol, VLDL-c, and triglycerides higher than PF group. As expected, the animals showed changes in magnesium status, as evidenced by lower bone and urine levels. Although no differences were observed in blood glucose and serum insulin levels among the groups, the lowest phosphorylation of the insulin signaling pathway show that Mg deficiency intensifies the effects of high-fat diet in this pathway. No differences were observed in the inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters. However, it was observed an inverse association of malondialdehyde and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 with Mg status. The results of this study support the importance of micronutrients analyzes in the experimental diets, in order to obtain reproducible data. With the PF group it was showed that high-fat diets predisposes to greater adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and that Mg deficiency can worse the effects on insulin resistance. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 09/05624-7 - Effect of dietary magnesium deficiency in the insulin resistance and in the inflammatory response in rats fed with high-fat diet
• Grantee: Cristiane Hermes Sales
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate