Prevalence of elevated blood pressure and its associations with environmental and lifestyle factors in South American Children in the SAYCARE cohort study

Author(s)

Keisyanne de Araujo Moura

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Saúde Pública (FSP/CIR)
• Defense date: 2024-06-26

Examining board members

Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto Filho; Alessandra Carvalho Goulart; Ariclecio Cunha de Oliveira; Carine Savalli Redigolo

• Advisor: Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto Filho

Abstract

Introduction: This thesis addresses the accuracy and applicability of different devices and methods in measuring blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents, as well as investigating cardiovascular risk factors in this population. The included studies analyze the effectiveness of BP monitors, the influences of environmental and lifestyle factors, and the use of machine learning algorithms for predicting hypertension and racial disparities. Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of different BP measurement devices in children and adolescents.To analyze the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among Brazilian adolescents.To explore the use of machine learning in predicting childhood hypertension and identifying racial disparities in algorithms.To examine the prevalence of elevated BP and its associations with environmental and lifestyle factors in South American children. Methods: The thesis is organized as a collection of five scientific articles, following the guidelines of the Public Health Graduate Program Regulations (2023). Each article individually details the procedures, techniques, and analyses used, providing a clear and in-depth understanding of the specific contributions of each part of this scientific collection. Conclusion: Automatic oscillometric devices are valid alternatives to mercury sphygmomanometers, especially in large-scale screenings, provided they are validated by international protocols. Factors such as vitamin D and physical activity are crucial in regulating BP in adolescents. The use of machine learning in health presents potential, but it is necessary to address racial biases to ensure equity. The prediction of childhood hypertension with ML has proven effective, highlighting the importance of early interventions. Environmental and lifestyle factors significantly influence BP in South American children, suggesting that public health policies focused on improving sleep quality and promoting healthy school environments can potentially mitigate childhood hypertension. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/24224-1 - Prevalence and incidence of high blood pressure and its association with environmental and lifestyle factors in South American children: SAYCARE cohort study
• Grantee: Keisyanne de Araujo Moura
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate