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| Author(s): |
Adriana Ribeiro Francisco
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola |
| Defense date: | 2012-12-21 |
| Examining board members: |
José Euclides Stipp Paterniani;
Rosangela Bergamasco;
Regina Maura Bueno Franco;
Marco Roberto Pires;
Denis Miguel Roston
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| Advisor: | José Euclides Stipp Paterniani |
| Abstract | |
The natural coagulation process applying solution based on Moringa oleifera seeds have been used widely as an alternative method for water treatment in regions where there is an absence of conventional water treatments. For protozoan retention, such as Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts, which act in a complex behavior in the environment, and are resistant to the chlorination process, the application of the coagulant using sequential slow filtration might be a promising alternative. However, to evaluate this physical treatment, it is not necessary to apply Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts directly to the treatment system, since the polystyrene fluorescent microspheres are used as replacements for this organism, because they present similar physical characteristics. For this reason, the present study evaluated an alternative water treatment system using coagulant solution based on Moringa oleifera seeds, followed by slow filtration, testing 5 different combinations of filter media constituted of nonwoven and sand, to verify polystyrene microspheres retention. The coagulation/flocculation was conducted in Jar Test equipment, and sequentially the samples were sent to slow filtration. By the end of the essays using Moringa oleifera, control essays (without coagulant) were performed. The results showed that all slow filters present significant efficiency reducing polystyrene microspheres, especially the sand filters and sand+nonwoven, that obtained 100% microspheres removal in the system, even along 5 sequential essays, where there was no sand washing. The filters that used only synthetic nonwovens, presented 2 log removal. Other quality parameters such as apparent color and turbidity presented significant reductions also. At the control essays, it was possible to observe that using only slow filtration is ineffective for microspheres, turbidity and color removal. At the end of this work was possible to conclude that applying coagulant solution based on Moringa oleifera seeds was the determinant factor to assist in the slow filtration system, mainly in filters constituted by sand filter media (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 10/07649-4 - APPLICATION OF COAGULATION AND SLOW FILTRATION TO REDUCTION OF Cryptosporidium spp. OOCYSTS BY SIMULATION USING POLYSTYRENE MICROSPHERES |
| Grantee: | Adriana Ribeiro Francisco |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |