Effect of oxygen tension and media on in vitro oocyte maturation and its influence in the porcine embryonic development

Author(s)

Mariana Groke Marques

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2009-10-29

Examining board members

José Antonio Visintin; Fabíola Freitas de Paula Lopes; Marco Roberto Bourg de Mello; Camila Infantosi Vannucchi; Carlos Henrique Cabral Viana

• Advisor: José Antonio Visintin

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of low oxygen tension (5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2) on in vitro oocyte maturation using defined media (0.1% PVA) or supplemented with 10% PFF. To achieve this goal, oocytes were evaluated prior to in vitro maturation (0 hour) and after in vitro maturation on different treatments (atmosphere = 5 or 20% O2 and media supplementation = 0.1% PVA or 10% PFF) for cortical granules migration, quantification and distribution of HSP70 protein, nuclear maturation, intracellular concentrations of reduced glutathione, evaluation of sperm penetration and development and quality of in vitro-produced embryos. Furthermore, to evaluate the effects on maturation system, several factors were analyzed, such as: the cell cycle phase of cumulus cells, the number of cumulus cells per oocyte, the intracellular concentrations of reduced glutathione in cumulus cells, the concentrations of TBARS in maturation media and the resistance of cumulus cells to the oxidative stress. Some of these evaluations were performed on in vivo oocytes, aiming to analyze oocyte competence after in vitro maturation. Concerning the majority of the parameters analyzed, there were no interaction between atmosphere and the supplementation of maturation media, indicating that the effect of atmosphere is independent of the media used. It was possible to observe that low tension atmosphere of O2 decreased glutathione concentrations in cumulus cells, cleavage rate and total number of embryo blastomeres and increased the number of cells per oocyte after the period of in vitro maturation. The maturation media supplementation with 0.1% PVA decreased the migration of cortical granules; however this fact did not have effect on in vitro sperm penetration levels. The 0 hour oocytes showed higher levels of HSP70 than each one of the in vitro maturated groups, indicating decrease of this protein stock during the maturation period in all of the in vitro maturated groups. The cumulus cells originated from maturated oocytes in supplemented media with 0.1% PVA showed higher number of cells in S and G2/M phase than 0 hour group; however this fact did not reflect in increased cell numbers per oocyte after maturation. Therefore, the use of low oxygen tension does not improve the conditions of the in vitro porcine oocyte maturation system and their effect in most of the factors analyzed is not dependent on the supplementation of maturation media. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 05/01420-7 - Effect of oxidative stress on maturation and culture of in vitro produced embryos in swine
• Grantee: Mariana Groke Marques
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate