Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Patrícia Câmara Mileo
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Lorena. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola de Engenharia de Lorena (EEL/ASDI) |
| Defense date: | 2011-04-11 |
| Examining board members: |
Adilson Roberto Gonçalves;
Daniela Regina Mulinari
|
| Advisor: | Adilson Roberto Gonçalves |
| Abstract | |
The sugarcane processing generates various agricultural byproducts such as bagasse and straw, which is considered one of the main waste generated due to the mechanization of the harvest in Brazil. Thus, the availability and composition of sugarcane straw have driven a great effort to develop technologies that provide its effective utilization. This study aimed to separate the main components of sugarcane straw to obtain chemical products with higher economic value, and the proposed obtainment is the modification and characterization of cellulose biomass to be used in the synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) based on the bleached pulp through a combination of chemical process with the enzyme, using xylanase. It was also studied the influence in mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of polyurethane obtained from castor oil (Ricinus Communis L.) reinforced composites. Sugarcane straw was pretreated by steam explosion, delignified, treated with xylanase and bleached with hydrogen peroxide. The bleached cellulose obtained was used to produce CMC. It was determined the mass gain and the degree of substitution of the obtained CMC. The delignified pulp (cellulose) was used as reinforcement in composites of polyurethane obtained from castor oil. The biocomposites were analysed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TGA), and it was also determined the mechanical properties, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water absorption. The incorporation of sugarcane straw fibers in the polyurethane matrix improved the mechanical properties compared with the pure matrix, and a possible reduction in the costs of production suggests a industrial application of the material. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 09/03564-7 - Applications of sugarcane straw cellulose: obtainment of derivatives from bleached cellulose and biocomposites with polyurethane obtained from castor oil (Ricinus communis L.) |
| Grantee: | Patrícia Câmara Miléo |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |