Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. essential oil: phytochemical study and in vitro evaluation of antiproliferative and mutagenic activities

Author(s)

Adriana Della Torre

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Biologia
• Defense date: 2013-06-28

Examining board members

Ana Lucia Tasca Gois Ruiz; Patricia Santos Lopes; Mary Ann Foglio

• Advisor: Ana Lucia Tasca Gois Ruiz

Abstract

"Carqueja", Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. (Asteraceae) is a native species from tropical regions widely used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory, to treat liver and kidney problems as well as stomach and intestinal disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of B. trimera essential oil (EO) as schistosomicidal on adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni (BH strain). Therefore, this project aimed the evaluation of chemical composition, antiproliferative and mutagenic activities of EO obtained from B. trimera aerial parts cultivated in CPQBA/UNICAMP experimental field. B. trimera aerial parts were collected monthly (January/2012 to December/2012) and immediately submitted to EO extraction by hydrodistillation. Moreover, samples of males and females of B. trimera aerial parts morphologically differentiated by inflorescences were collected during the flowering season (July/2012). All EOs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass detector (GC/MS). They were also evaluated for antiproliferative activity in vitro and mutagenicity in cytokinesisblock micronucleus assay (CBMN), with and without metabolic activation. GC/MS analysis indicated that EOs major compounds were bicyclogermacrene, E-caryophyllene, germacrene D, ?-pinene, globulol, ?-myrcene and ?-cadinene, besides a variation on relative proportion of compounds between EOs of female and male plants. Antiproliferative assay in tumor and nontumor cell lines showed a similar cytostatic activity profile for all samples, independent of the collection time, with GI50 values above 25 ?g/mL. In CBMN assay without metabolic activation, EOs collected in winter (Jul/2012) and spring (Oct/2012) induced at 25 and 12.5 ?g/mL an increase in micronuclei frequency in comparison to untreated control cells, whereas EOs obtained in summer (Jan/2012) and autumn (Apr/2012) showed statistically significant micronuclei induction only at 25 ?g/mL. CBMN assay performed with male and female aerial parts EOs demonstrated that female plants showed no mutagenic potential in three concentrations (6.25, 12.5 and 25 ?g/mL) whereas male aerial parts EO induced an increase in micronuclei frequency at the same concentrations. These results suggested that sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons predominately present in male aerial parts EO (54.07%) should be involved in mutagenic action. Moreover, there was a reduction in micronuclei frequency induced by EOs when CBMN assay was carried out with metabolic activation, which suggests that enzymatic metabolism of EOs resulted in compounds with low mutagenic potential. Finally, preliminary evaluation of antimutagenicity has evidenced that simultaneous and post treatments of EO with methylmetanesulfonate (MMS) could reverse and/or reduce clastogenicity caused by this inducer of MNs. These data suggest possible antimutagenic and mutagenic activities of aerial parts of B. trimera EO, with a significant difference in potential inducer of MNs between males and females plants. Moreover, mutagenic activity decreased in the presence of metabolic enzymes, suggesting a potential safe use in vivo (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/03540-0 - Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. essential oil: phytochemical study and in vitro evaluation of antiproliferative and mutagenic activities
• Grantee: Adriana Della Torre
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master