Full text
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| Author(s): |
Mônica Andrioli Caracanhas
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Carlos. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Física de São Carlos (IFSC/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2014-06-06 |
| Examining board members: |
Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato;
Salomon Sylvain Mizrahi;
Paulo Alberto Nussenzveig;
Luiz Nunes de Oliveira;
Lauro Tomio
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| Advisor: | Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato |
| Abstract | |
In this thesis we studied two aspects of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases: (i) the self-similar expansion of a turbulent superfluidity, and (ii) the polaron physics in the context of the superfluid mixtures and vortex lattices. Both analyses are closely related to our experimental trends. Concerning the first subject, we generalized the superfluid hydrodynamic equations to describe the anomalous expansion of a turbulent condensate cloud. The physics behind this characteristic signature of the turbulence could be clarified through the expressions derived in our model, that considered the kinetic energy associated with a tangled vortex configuration. As for the second item, we present the polaron physics of a neutral impurity coupled with the Tkachenko modes of a vortex lattice Bose-Einstein condensate. Through the impurity spectral function, we tracked how the quasiparticle properties varied as a function of the interaction strength toward the lower energy regimes. The spectral function exhibits a Lorentzian broadening for small wave vectors, even at zero temperature, until it starts to reach the low energy fixed point, where it acquires a power law decay. That is the signature of orthogonality catastrophe phenomena, with the breakdown of the quasiparticle picture. We applied canonical unitary transform and renormalization group equations to evaluate the flow of the theory parameters as we go further down in the characteristic energy scales. Finally, we provide preliminary results on the calculation of a system composed of two condensate species, one immersed in a second containing an array of vortices. Making an analogy with superfluids in an optical lattice, we map our Hamiltonian onto a Bose-Hubbard type model and tune the atomic scattering length of the two species to induce a quantum phase transition in the confined cloud. This is a new quantum system which allows investigation beyond the present studies with static optical lattices. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 10/01083-9 - Investigation of the hydrodynamic effects in the Bose-Einstein condensate with vortices in a regular and turbulent regime. |
| Grantee: | Mônica Andrioli Caracanhas Santarelli |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |