Influence of Aerobic Training on the Reduced Vasoconstriction to Angiotensin II in Rats Exposed to Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Possible Role of Oxidative Stress and AT(2) Receptor of Angiotensin II

Author(s)

Oliveira, Vanessa ^[1] ; Akamine, Eliana Hiromi ^[2] ; Carvalho, Maria Helena C. ^[2] ; Michelini, Lisete Compagno ^[3] ; Fortes, Zuleica Bruno ^[2] ; Cunha, Tatiana Sousa ^[4] ; Franco, Maria do Carmo ^{[1, 5]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Pharmacol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sci & Technol Inst, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[5] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PLoS One; v. 9, n. 11 NOV 18 2014.
• Web of Science Citations: 14

Abstract

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with impaired vascular function, which contributes to the increased incidence of chronic disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether aerobic training improves AngII-induced vasoconstriction in IUGR rats. Moreover, we assess the role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anions in this improvement. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups on day 1 of pregnancy. A control group was fed standard chow ad libitum, and a restricted group was fed 50% of the ad libitum intake throughout gestation. At 8 weeks of age, male offspring from both groups were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups: sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary restricted (SRT), and trained restricted (TRT). The training protocol was performed on a treadmill and consisted of a continuous 60-min session 5 days/week for 10 weeks. Following aerobic training, concentration-response curves to AngII were obtained in endothelium-intact aortic rings. Protein expression of SOD isoforms, AngII receptors and the NADPH oxidase component p47(phox) was assessed by Western blot analysis. The dihydroethidium was used to evaluate the in situ superoxide levels under basal conditions or in the presence of apocynin, losartan or PD 123,319. Our results indicate that aerobic training can prevent IUGR-associated increases in AngII-dependent vasoconstriction and can restore basal superoxide levels in the aortic rings of TRT rats. Moreover, we observed that aerobic training normalized the increased p47(phox) protein expression and increased MnSOD and AT(2) receptor protein expression in thoracic aortas of SRT rats. In summary, aerobic training can result in an upregulation of antioxidant defense by improved of MnSOD expression and attenuation of NADPH oxidase component p47(phox). These effects are accompanied by increased expression of AT(2) receptor, which provide positive effects against Ang II-induced superoxide generation, resulting in attenuation of AngII-induced vasoconstriction. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 07/58044-2 - Birth weight and cardiovascular diseases: characterization of risk and genetic factors interrelation by identifying genomic imprinting mechanisms as well as genetic polymorphisms in homocysteine and eNOS pathways
• Grantee: Maria Do Carmo Pinho Franco
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 10/51904-9 - Renin angiotensin and kallikrein kinin systems in hypertension, obesity, diabetes, desnutrition and sepsis: molecular, cellular and physiopathologic mechanisms
• Grantee: Dulce Elena Casarini
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants