Strategies, models and biomarkers in experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease research

Author(s):Show less -

Willebrords, Joost ^[1] ; Alves Pereira, Isabel Veloso ^[2] ; Maes, Michael ^[1] ; Yanguas, Sara Crespo ^[1] ; Colle, Isabelle ^[3] ; Van Den Bossche, Bert ^[4] ; Da Silva, Tereza Cristina ^[2] ; Marques Souza de Oliveira, Claudia Pinto ^[5] ; Andraus, Wellington ^[6] ; Alves, Venancio Avancini ^[7] ; Cogliati, Bruno ^[2] ; Vinken, Mathieu ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Vitro Toxicol & Dermatocosmetol, Fac Med & Pharm, B-1090 Brussels - Belgium

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Pathol, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, B-9300 Aalst - Belgium

^[4] Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis, Dept Abdominal Surg & Hepatopancreaticobiliary Su, B-9300 Aalst - Belgium

^[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Clin Div, Dept Gastroenterol, Hepatol Branch, Sch Med, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Gastroenterol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Lab Med Invest, Dept Pathol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH; v. 59, p. 106-125, JUL 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 50

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease encompasses a spectrum of liver diseases, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis. liver fibrosis and cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is currently the most dominant chronic liver disease in Western countries due to the fact that hepatic steatosis is associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome and drug-induced injury. A variety of chemicals, mainly drugs, and diets is known to cause hepatic steatosis in humans and rodents. Experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease models rely on the application of a diet or the administration of drugs to laboratory animals or the exposure of hepatic cell lines to these drugs. More recently, genetically modified rodents or zebrafish have been introduced as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease models. Considerable interest now lies in the discovery and development of novel non-invasive biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, with specific focus on hepatic steatosis. Experimental diagnostic biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, such as (epi)genetic parameters and `-omics'-based read-outs are still in their infancy, but show great promise. In this paper, the array of tools and models for the study of liver steatosis is discussed. Furthermore, the current state-of-art regarding experimental biomarkers such as epigenetic, genetic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabonomic biomarkers will be reviewed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/50420-6 - Connexin and pannexin channels as drug targets and biomarkers in acute and chronic liver disease
• Grantee: Mathieu Frederick Alexander Vinken
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - SPEC Program