The antimicrobial activity of free and immobilized poly (diallyldimethylammonium) chloride in nanoparticles of poly (methylmethacrylate)

Author(s)

Sanches, Luccas Missfeldt ^[1] ; Siqueira Petri, Denise Freitas ^[2] ; de Melo Carrasco, Leticia Dias ^{[3, 1]} ; Carmona-Ribeiro, Ana Maria ^{[3, 1]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim, Biocolloids Lab, BR-05513970 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, BR-05513970 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut, Dept Anal Clin & Toxicol, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY; v. 13, SEP 24 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 15

Abstract

Background: Several cationic polymers exhibit a useful antimicrobial property, however the structure-activity relationship still requires a more complete investigation. The main objective of this work is the comparison between the antimicrobial activity and toxicity of free and immobilized poly (diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) in biocompatible poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles (NPs). Results: NPs synthesis by emulsion polymerization is performed over a range of {[}PDDA] at two methylmethacrylate (MMA) concentrations. The PMMA/PDDA dispersions are characterized by dynamic light-scattering for sizing, polydispersity and zeta-potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), plating plus colony forming unities (CFU) counting for determination of the minimal microbicidal concentrations (MMC) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans and hemolysis evaluation against mammalian erythrocytes. There is a high colloidal stability for the cationic PMMA/PDDA NPs over a range of {[}PDDA]. NPs diverse antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms reduces cell viability by eight-logs (E. coli), seven-logs (S. aureus) or two-logs (C. albicans). The NPs completely kill E. coli over a range of {[}PDDA] that are innocuous to the erythrocytes. Free PDDA antimicrobial activity is higher than the one observed for PDDA in the NPs. There is no PDDA induced-hemolysis at the MMC in contrast to the hemolytic effect of immobilized PDDA in the NPs. Hemolysis is higher than 15 % for immobilized PDDA at the MMC for S. aureus and C. albicans. Conclusions: The mobility of the cationic antimicrobial polymer PDDA determines its access to the inner layers of the cell wall and the cell membrane, the major sites of PDDA antimicrobial action. PDDA freedom does matter for determining the antimicrobial activity at low PDDA concentrations and absence of hemolysis. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/24534-1 - Supramolecular assemblies of cationic lipid, antibiotics and polymers: preparation, characterization and activity against multiresistant bacteria and fast-growing mycobacteria
• Grantee: Letícia Dias de Melo Carrasco
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 11/00046-5 - Interactions between membranes, biomolecules and surfaces
• Grantee: Ana Maria Carmona-Ribeiro
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants