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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases

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Author(s):
Gonzaga, C. [1] ; Bertolami, A. [1] ; Bertolami, M. [2] ; Amodeo, C. [1] ; Calhoun, D. [3]
Total Authors: 5
Affiliation:
[1] Dante Pazzanese Inst Cardiol, Dept Hypertens & Nephrol, Sleep Lab, BR-04012909 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[2] Dante Pazzanese Inst Cardiol, Sci Directory, BR-04012909 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[3] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Vasc Biol & Hypertens Program, Birmingham, AL - USA
Total Affiliations: 3
Document type: Review article
Source: JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION; v. 29, n. 12, p. 705-712, DEC 2015.
Web of Science Citations: 44
Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial (hypopnea) or complete interruption (apnea) in breathing during sleep due to airway collapse in the pharyngeal region. OSA and its cardiovascular consequences have been widely explored in observational and prospective studies. Most evidence verifies the positive relationship between OSA and hypertension, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, stroke and heart failure. However, more studies are needed to better assess the impact of OSA, and possible benefit of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and cardiovascular mortality. The leading pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the changes triggered by OSA, include intermittent hypoxemia and re-oxygenation, arousals and changes in intrathoracic pressure. Hypertension is strongly related with activation of the sympathetic nervous system, stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and impairment of endothelial function. The high prevalence of OSA in the general population, hypertensive patients and especially obese individuals and patients resistant to antihypertensive therapy, highlights the need for effective screening, diagnosis and treatment of OSA to decrease cardiovascular risk. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 10/07364-0 - Pharmacogenetics of hypertension and its relationship with the syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea, dyslipidemia and inflammation
Grantee:Marcelo Chiara Bertolami
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants