Spatial and spatiotemporal occurrence of human visceral leishmaniasis in Adamantina, State of São Paulo, Brazil

Author(s)

Mozini Cardim, Marisa Furtado ^[1] ; Vieira, Carolina Portugal ^[2] ; Chiaravalloti-Neto, Francisco ^[3]

Affiliation

^[1] Adamantina, Fac Adamantinenses Integradas, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Enfermagem, Curso Grad Enfermagem, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publ, Dept Epidemiol, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical; v. 48, n. 6, p. 716-723, NOV-DEC 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 3

Abstract

Abstract: INTRODUCTION : Several municipalities of the Western region of the State of São Paulo have been affected by human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL), including the City of Adamantina, where the first autochthonous cases occurred in 2004. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the spatial and spatiotemporal occurrence of HVL in Adamantina. METHODS : Secondary data regarding the occurrence of HVL in Adamantina between 2004 and 2011 were used. Incidence, mortality, and case fatality rates were calculated. We used local empirical Bayesian incidence rates to represent the occurrence of the disease in the census sector of the city. The existence of spatial and spatiotemporal clusters of cases was evaluated using scan statistics. In situ observation was performed to assess the socioeconomic and environmental characteristics of the areas with medium and high incidences. RESULTS : Adamantina reported cases in 70% of its census sectors. No differences were observed between sexes. The group aged 0-4 years presented the highest incidence and mortality rates, and the group aged 40-59 years presented the highest fatality rate. We detected a spatiotemporal cluster, which coincided with the commencement of the endemic in the city. CONCLUSIONS : The individuals most affected by the disease were children. The disease was present in areas with better and worse socioeconomic conditions. The use of spatial analysis techniques was important to achieve the study objectives. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/11342-2 - The expansion in time and space, of the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis and the Visceral Leishmaniasis in humans and canines in the state of São Paulo, 1997-2013
• Grantee: Carolina Portugal Vieira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 10/20279-1 - Spatial analysis of the occurrence of American visceral leishmaniasis in São Paulo State, Brazil
• Grantee: Francisco Chiaravalloti Neto
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants