Loss of strength capacity is associated with mortality, but resistance exercise training promotes only modest effects during cachexia progression

Author(s)

das Neves, Willian ; Rodrigues Alves, Christian Robles ; de Almeida, Ney Robson ; Rodrigues Guimaraes, Fatima Lucia ; Ramires, Paulo Rizzo ; Brum, Patricia Chakur ; Lancha, Jr., Antonio Herbert

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Life Sciences; v. 163, p. 11-22, OCT 15 2016.
• Web of Science Citations: 6

Abstract

Aims: Resistance exercise training (RET) has been adopted as non-pharmacological anti-catabolic strategy. However, the role of RET to counteract cancer cachexia is still speculative. This study aimed to verify whether short-term RET would counteract skeletal muscle wasting in a severe cancer cachexia rat model. Main methods: Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four experimental groups; 1) untrained control rats (control), 2) rats submitted to RET (control + RET), 3) untrained rats injected with Walker 256 tumor cells in the bone marrow (tumor) and 4) rats injected with Walker 256 tumor cells in the bone marrow and submitted to RET (tumor + RET). Key findings: Tumor group displayed skeletal muscle atrophy fifteen days post tumor cells injection as assessed by plantaris (-20.5%) and EDL (-20.0%) muscle mass. EDL atrophy was confirmed showing 43.8% decline in the fiber cross sectional area. Even though RET increased the lactate dehydrogenase protein content and fully restored phosphorylated form of 4EBP-1 to the control levels in skeletal muscle, it failed to rescue muscle morphology in tumor-bearing rats. Indeed, RET did not mitigated loss of muscle function, anorexia, tumor growth or mortality rate. However, loss of strength capacity (assessed by 1-RIVI test performance) demonstrated a negative correlation with rats' survival (p = 0.02; r = 0.40), suggesting that loss of strength capacity might predict cancer mortality. Significance: These results demonstrated that bone marrow injection of Walker 256 tumor cells in rats induces cancer cachexia, strength capacity is associated with cancer survival and short-term RET promotes only modest effects during cachexia progression. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/04744-4 - Effects of strength training on skeletal muscle in mice with cachexia induced cancer.
• Grantee: Willian das Neves Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 14/03016-8 - Cancer cachexia: effects of aerobic physical training on skeletal muscle in animal model
• Grantee: Christiano Robles Rodrigues Alves
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)