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(Reference retrieved automatically from SciELO through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Background signals in instrumental analysis: an essential discussion in undergraduate courses

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Author(s):
Renata S. Amais [1] ; Fábio R. P. Rocha [2] ; Joaquim A. Nóbrega [3]
Total Authors: 3
Affiliation:
[1] Universidade de São Paulo. Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura - Brasil
[2] Universidade de São Paulo. Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura - Brasil
[3] Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Departamento de Química - Brasil
Total Affiliations: 3
Document type: Journal article
Source: Química Nova; v. 40, n. 2, p. 228-237, 2017-02-00.
Abstract

Understanding instrumental analysis is essential for obtaining reliable analytical results required by chemists in a variety of research areas and industrial activities. All instrumental techniques involve undesirable background (BG) signals originated either from concomitants in the sample or by spurious (e.g. electrical or optical) effects intrinsically related to the measurement process. BG signals may affect accuracy, precision and detection limits. Techniques characterized by low BG stands out by high detectability even when they are based on processes with low efficiency (e.g. low quantum yields and low efficiency of thermal excitation). However, minor attention has been given to this topic in analytical chemistry courses hindering students' understanding of the BG concept and its impact on the analytical performance. Although in some analytical techniques BG is well-defined and successfully compensated, some of them still need further elucidation. Sources of BG and strategies for its minimization and correction are didactically discussed for a variety of analytical techniques, including molecular and atomic spectrometry, electroanalytical methods, and separation techniques. Historical aspects and recent approaches are also addressed. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 13/26857-5 - Total concentrations and chemical speciation of As, Cr and Se using low pressure monolithic columns and inductively coupled plasma techniques
Grantee:Renata Stábile Amais
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
FAPESP's process: 11/23498-9 - Advanced flow systems for technological, agronomical and environmental analysis
Grantee:Elias Ayres Guidetti Zagatto
Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants