High fat diet attenuates hyperglycemia, body composition changes, and bone loss in male streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice

Author(s)

Carvalho, Adriana Lelis ^{[1, 2]} ; DeMambro, Victoria E. ^[2] ; Guntur, Anyonya R. ^[2] ; Le, Phuong ; Nagano, Kenichi ^[3] ; Baron, Roland ^[3] ; Albuquerque de Paula, Francisco Jose ^[1] ; Motyl, Katherine J. ^{[4, 5]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Internal Med, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Maine Med Ctr, Res Inst, Ctr Clin & Translat Res, Scarborough, ME 04074 - USA

^[3] Harvard Univ, Harvard Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral Med Infect & Immun, Boston, MA 02115 - USA

^[4] Phuong Le, Maine Med Ctr, Res Inst, Ctr Clin & Translat Res, Scarborough, ME 04074 - USA

^[5] Maine Med Ctr, Res Inst, Ctr Mol Med, Scarborough, ME 04074 - USA

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology; v. 233, n. 2, p. 1585-1600, FEB 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 3

Abstract

There is a growing and alarming prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome in type I diabetic patients (T1DM), particularly in adolescence. In general, low bone mass, higher fracture risk, and increased marrow adipose tissue (MAT) are features of diabetic osteopathy in insulin-deficient subjects. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with normal or high bone mass, a greater risk of peripheral fractures, and no change in MAT. Therefore, we sought to determine the effect of weight gain on bone turnover in insulin-deficient mice. We evaluated the impact of a 6-week high-fat (HFD) rich in medium chain fatty acids or low-fat diet (LFD) on bone mass and MAT in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model using male C57BL/6J mice at 8 weeks of age. Dietary intervention was initiated after diabetes confirmation. At the endpoint, lower non-fasting glucose levels were observed in diabetic mice fed with high fat diet compared to diabetic mice fed the low fat diet (STZ-LFD). Compared to euglycemic controls, the STZ-LFD had marked polydipsia and polyphagia, as well as reduced lean mass, fat mass, and bone parameters. Interestingly, STZ-HFD mice had higher bone mass, namely less cortical bone loss and more trabecular bone than STZ-LFD. Thus, we found that a HFD, rich in medium chain fatty acids, protects against bone loss in a T1DM mouse model. Whether this may also translate to T1DM patients who are overweight or obese in respect to maintenance of bone mass remains to be determined through longitudinal studies. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/14505-0 - Effect of energy balance on bone mass and marrow fat in type 1 diabetes mellitus
• Grantee: Adriana Lelis Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 14/15864-3 - Relationship between visceral, hepatic and bone adiposity with bone mineral density and fracture occurrence in type 1 Diabetes mellitus
• Grantee: Francisco José Albuquerque de Paula
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/09853-6 - Relationship between visceral, hepatic and bone adiposity with bone mineral density and fracture occurrence in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
• Grantee: Adriana Lelis Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate