Spatial distribution, bioavailability, and toxicity of metals in surface sediments of tropical reservoirs, Brazil

Author(s)

Frascareli, Daniele ^[1] ; Cardoso-Silva, Sheila ^[1] ; Soares-Silva Mizael, Juliana de Oliveira ^[1] ; Rosa, Andre Henrique ^[1] ; Martins Pompeo, Marcelo Luiz ^[2] ; Cesar Lopez-Doval, Julio ^[3] ; Moschini-Carlos, Viviane ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Ave Tres de Marco 511, BR-18087180 Sorocaba, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, USP IB, Ecol Dept, Travessa 14, 321 Butanta, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Barcelona, Dept Evolutionary Biol Ecol & Environm Sci, Avinguda Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona - Spain

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT; v. 190, n. 4 APR 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 5

Abstract

Depending on the environmental conditions, surface sediments can retain all the contaminants present and provide a record of the anthropic activities affecting the aquatic environment. In order to analyze the impacts on reservoirs, surface sediments were collected in three characteristic regions (riverine, transitional, and limnetic zones) of seven reservoirs in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Analyses were made of grain size, organic matter (OM), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN). Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) was used to determine pseudo-total and bioavailable metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Al). A Horiba probe was used to measure dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, redox potential (ORP), and temperature (Temp) in the bottom water. The data were analyzed using multivariate statistics. Enrichment factors (EF), pollution load index values (PLI), and background values (BG) were also determined in order to evaluate the potential toxicity. Intra-reservoir and inter-reservoir spatial heterogeneity (p < 0.05) were observed using two-way analysis of similarities. Principal component analysis indicated greater influence of metals in the Barra Bonita, Salto Grande, and Rio Grande reservoirs, corroborating the PLI, EF, and BG data. Bioavailable Cu was found in the Rio Grande reservoir, possibly associated with copper sulfate used to control algal blooms, while bioavailable Ni in the Barra Bonita reservoir was attributed to the presence of industrial wastes and natural geology. The bottom water conditions indicated that the metals remained in insoluble forms. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/22581-8 - The European Union's Water Framework Directive: applications to Brazilian reservoirs reality
• Grantee: Marcelo Luiz Martins Pompêo
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants