Chronic inflammation in skeletal muscle impairs satellite cells function during regeneration: can physical exercise restore the satellite cell niche?

Author(s)

Perandini, Luiz Augusto ^[1] ; Chimin, Patricia ^[2] ; Lutkemeyer, Diego da Silva ^[1] ; Saraiva Camara, Niels Olsen ^{[1, 3]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Immunol, Lab Transplantat Immunobiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Londrina, Phys Educ & Sports Ctr, Dept Phys Educ, Londrina, PR - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Lab Clin & Expt Immunol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FEBS Journal; v. 285, n. 11, p. 1973-1984, JUN 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 11

Abstract

Chronic inflammation impairs skeletal muscle regeneration. Although many cells are involved in chronic inflammation, macrophages seem to play an important role in impaired muscle regeneration since these cells are associated with skeletal muscle stem cell (namely, satellite cells) activation and fibro-adipogenic progenitor cell (FAP) survival. Specifically, an imbalance of M1 and M2 macrophages seems to lead to impaired satellite cell activation, and these are the main cells that function during skeletal muscle regeneration, after muscle damage. Additionally, this imbalance leads to the accumulation of FAPs in skeletal muscle, with aberrant production of pro-fibrotic factors (e.g., extracellular matrix components), impairing the niche for proper satellite cell activation and differentiation. Treatments aiming to block the inflammatory pro-fibrotic response are partially effective due to their side effects. Therefore, strategies reverting chronic inflammation into a pro-regenerative pattern are required. In this review, we first describe skeletal muscle resident macrophage ontogeny and homeostasis, and explain how macrophages are replenished after muscle injury. We next discuss the potential role of chronic physical activity and exercise in restoring the M1 and M2 macrophage balance and consequently, the satellite cell niche to improve skeletal muscle regeneration after injury. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/02270-2 - New cellular, molecular and immunological mechanisms involved in acute and chronic renal injury: the search for new therapeutical approaches
• Grantee: Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/21005-3 - Skeletal muscle repair in response to eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage: STAT3 signaling pathway on proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells
• Grantee: Luiz Augusto Buoro Perandini
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral