Obstructive sleep apnea and effects of continuous positive airway pressure on triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism

Author(s)

Drager, Luciano F. ^[1] ; Tavoni, Thauany M. ^[2] ; Silva, Vanessa M. ^[2] ; Santos, Raul D. ^[3] ; Pedrosa, Rodrigo P. ^[4] ; Bortolotto, Luiz A. ^[1] ; Vinagre, Carmen G. ^[2] ; Polotsky, Vsevolod Y. ^[5] ; Lorenzi-Filho, Geraldo ^[6] ; Maranhao, Raul C. ^{[7, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Hypertens Unit, Sch Med, Heart Inst InCor, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Metab & Lipids, Sch Med, Heart Inst InCor, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Lipid Clin, Sch Med, Heart Inst InCor, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Univ Pernambuco, Sleep & Heart Lab, Recife, PE - Brazil

^[5] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 - USA

^[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Heart Inst InCor, Div Pulm, Sleep Lab, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Lipid Research; v. 59, n. 6, p. 1027-1033, JUN 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 2

Abstract

This study aimed to explore lipoprotein metabolism in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). We studied 15 men with severe OSA {[}apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >= 30 events/hour] and 12 age-, BMI-, and waist circumference-matched volunteers without OSA (AHI <5 events/hour). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was determined by a blind examiner. After 12 h fasting, a triglyceride-rich chylomicron-like emulsion, labeled with {[}C-14]cholesteryl oleate and {[}H-3]triolein, was injected intravenously followed by blood sample collection at preestablished times. Fractional clearance rate (FCR) of the radiolabeled lipids was estimated by compartmental analysis of radioisotope decay curves. Compared with controls, patients with OSA showed a significant delay in both cholesteryl ester FCR (0.0126 +/- 0.0187 vs. 0.0015 +/- 0.0025 min(-1); P = 0.0313) and triglycerides FCR (0.0334 +/- 0.0390 vs. 0.0051 +/- 0.0074 min(-1); P = 0.0001). CIMT was higher in the OSA group: 620 +/- 17 vs. 725 +/- 29 mu m; P = 0.004. Cholesteryl ester FCRs were inversely related to total sleep time <90% (r = -0.463; P = 0.029) and CIMT (r = -0.601; P = 0.022). The triglyceride FCR was inversely correlated with AHI (r = -0.537; P = 0.04). In a subgroup of patients treated with CPAP for 3 months (n = 7), triglyceride FCR increased 5-fold (P = 0.025), but the cholesteryl ester FCR was unchanged. In conclusion, severe OSA decreased lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and delayed removal of remnants. CPAP treatment may be effective to restore the lipolysis rates. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/03742-0 - Nanoparticles that bind to lipoprotein receptors in the treatment atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, post-heart transplantation status, cancer and endometriosis
• Grantee: Raul Cavalcante Maranhao
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 12/02953-2 - Impact of obstructive sleep apnea and sleep duration on the progression of cardiovascular diseases
• Grantee: Luciano Ferreira Drager
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants