Recent chapters of Neotropical history overlooked in phylogeography: Shallow divergence explains phenotype and genotype uncoupling in Antilophia manakins

Author(s)

do Amaral, Fabio Raposo ^[1] ; Maldonado-Coelho, Marcos ^[1] ; Aleixo, Alexandre ^[2] ; Luna, Leilton W. ^[3] ; do Rego, Pericles Sena ^[3] ; Araripe, Juliana ^[3] ; Souza, Thainara O. ^[3] ; Silva, Weber A. G. ^[4] ; Thom, Gregory ^[5]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ecol & Biol Evolut, Diadema, SP - Brazil

^[2] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Coordenacao Zool, Belem, PA - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Para, Inst Estudos Costeiros, Lab Genet & Conservacao, Braganca, PA - Brazil

^[4] Assoc Pesquisa & Preservacao Ecossistemas Aquat, Fortaleza, Ceara - Brazil

^[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Genet & Biol Evolut, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Molecular Ecology; v. 27, n. 20, p. 4108-4120, OCT 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 4

Abstract

Establishing links between phenotypic and genotypic variation is a central goal of evolutionary biology, as they might provide important insights into evolutionary processes shaping genetic and species diversity in nature. One of the more intriguing possibilities is when no genetic divergence is found to be associated with conspicuous phenotypic divergence. In that case, speciation theory predicts that phenotypic divergence may still occur in the presence of significant gene flowthereby resulting in little genomic divergencewhen genetic loci underpinning phenotypes are under strong divergent selection. However, a finding of phenotypic distinctiveness with weak or no population genetic structure may simply result from low statistical power to detect shallow genetic divergences when small data sets are used. Here, we used a subgenomic data set of 2,386 ultraconserved elements to explore genomewide divergence between two species of Antilophia manakins, which are phenotypically distinct yet evidently lack strong genetic differentiation according to previous studies based on a limited number of loci. Our results revealed clear population structure that matches the two phenotypes, supporting the idea that smaller data sets lacked the power to detect this recent divergence event (likely <100kya). Indeed, we found little or no introgression between the species, as well as evidence of genomewide divergence. One implication of our study is that the Araripe plateau may be a hot spot of cryptic-diverging forest Cerrado populations. Besides their use in biogeography, subgenomic data sets may help redefine local conservation programmes by revealing cryptic population structure that may be key to population management. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/50297-0 - Dimensions US-BIOTA São Paulo: a multidisciplinary framework for biodiversity prediction in the Brazilian Atlantic forest hotspot
• Grantee: Cristina Yumi Miyaki
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/25720-7 - Comparative phylogeography of montane bird species from southern Atlantic Forest: Integrating evolutionary and ecological traits in the study of community assemblage
• Grantee: Gregory Thom e Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 14/00113-2 - Comparative phylogeography of four Amazonian lineages of birds: accessing biogeographic patterns based on ultra-conserved elements
• Grantee: Gregory Thom e Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 15/18287-0 - A comparison of evolutionary rates between songs and calls in South-American Fire-eyes (Aves: Pyriglena): a hypotheses test in a phylogenetic framework
• Grantee: Marcos Maldonado Coelho
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/12551-7 - Comparative phylogeography of three "varzea" forest bird lineages: surveying new biogeographic patterns for Amazonia
• Grantee: Gregory Thom e Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 16/11439-1 - A comparison of evolutionary rates between songs and calls in South-American Fire-eyes (Aves: Pyriglena): a hypotheses test in a phylogenetic framework
• Grantee: Marcos Maldonado Coelho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Young Researchers
• FAPESP's process: 11/23155-4 - Comparative multilocus phylogeography of three species of Poospiza (Aves, Passeriformes): exploring the history of the montane Atlantic Forest
• Grantee: Fábio Sarubbi Raposo do Amaral
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - BIOTA - Young Researchers
• FAPESP's process: 11/50143-7 - Comparative multilocus phylogeography of three species of Poospiza (Aves, Passeriformes): exploring the history of the montane Atlantic Forest
• Grantee: Fábio Sarubbi Raposo do Amaral
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Young Investigators Grants