Ischemic preconditioning boosts post-exercise but not resting cardiac vagal control in endurance runners

Author(s)

Sabino-Carvalho, Jeann L. ^{[1, 2]} ; Obeid-Freitas, Tiago ^{[2, 3]} ; Paula-Ribeiro, Marcelle ^{[1, 3]} ; Lopes, Thiago R. ^{[4, 2, 3]} ; Ferreira, Thiago H. N. ^{[1, 2]} ; Succi, Jose E. ^[5] ; Silva, Antonio C. ^{[2, 3]} ; Silva, Bruno Moreira ^{[1, 2, 3]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Postgrad Program Translat Med, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Olymp Ctr Training & Res, Lab Exercise Physiol, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol, Botucatu St 862, Biomed Sci Bldg, 5th Floor, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[4] Sao Paulo Assoc Med Dev, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[5] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Surg, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY; v. 119, n. 3, p. 621-632, MAR 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

PurposeHigh cardiac vagal control in endurance athletes has been generally associated with adequate recovery from training and readiness to cope high-intensity training. A method that improves cardiac vagal control in endurance athletes could therefore be advantageous. Accordingly, we sought to test whether ischemic preconditioning (IPC) could enhance cardiac vagal control in endurance runners.MethodsFifteen subjects underwent IPC, sham ultrasound (SHAM) or control (CT), in random order. Subjects were informed both IPC and SHAM would be beneficial vs. CT (i.e., similar placebo induction), and IPC would be harmless despite ischemia sensations (i.e., nocebo avoidance). Resting cardiac vagal control was assessed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and heart rate variability (HRV) indexes. Post-exercise cardiac vagal control was assessed via heart rate recovery {[}HR time constant decay (T30) and absolute HR decay (HRR30s)] during 30-s breaks of a discontinuous incremental test. Capillary blood samples were collected for lactate threshold identification.ResultsRSA and HRV were similar among interventions at pre- and post-intervention assessments. Lactate threshold occurred at 854% of maximal effort. T30 was similar among interventions, but IPC increased HRR30s at 70% and 75% of maximal effort vs. SHAM and CT (70%: IPC=31 +/- 2 vs. SHAM=26 +/- 3 vs. CT=26 +/- 2bpm, mean +/- SEM, P<0.01; 75%: IPC=29 +/- 2 vs. SHAM=25 +/- 2 vs. CT=24 +/- 2bpm, P<0.01).Conclusion IPC did not change resting cardiac vagal control, but boosted fast post-exercise cardiac vagal reactivation at exercise intensities below lactate threshold in endurance runners. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/22198-2 - Tonic contribution of the peripheral chemoreflex to vagal control of the heart at rest, Orthostatism and recovery from exercise in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
• Grantee: Marcelle de Paula Ribeiro
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 14/15877-8 - Effect of ischemic preconditioning on mechanisms that determine the aerobic performance in high level runners
• Grantee: Jeann Luccas de Castro Sabino de Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 15/03572-0 - Effect of ischemic preconditioning of the lower limbs on cardiac autonomic recovery after exercise in middle/long distance runners
• Grantee: Tiago Obeid de Freitas
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation