PBMT and topical diclofenac as single and combined treatment on skeletal muscle injury in diabetic rats: effects on biochemical and functional aspects

Author(s)

dos Santos, Ligiane Souza ^[1] ; Saltorato, Joyce Camilla ^[1] ; Monte, Marina Gaiato ^[2] ; Marcos, Rodrigo Labat ^[3] ; Brando Lopes-Martins, Rodrigo Alvaro ^[4] ; Tomazoni, Shaiane Silva ^{[5, 6]} ; Pinto Leal-Junior, Ernesto Cesar ^{[7, 8]} ; de Paiva Carvalho, Rodrigo Leal ^[9]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sagrado Coracao, Phys Therapy, Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sagrado Coracao, Nutr, Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[3] Nove de Julho Univ UNINOVE, Postgrad Program Biophoton Appl Hlth Sci, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Vale Paraiba, Lab Biofoton & Terapeut Expt, Inst Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[5] Univ Cidade Sao Paulo UNICID, Masters Program Phys Therapy, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[6] Univ Cidade Sao Paulo UNICID, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[7] Nove de Julho Univ UNINOVE, Postgrad Program Rehabil Sci, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[8] Nove de Julho Univ UNINOVE, Lab Phototherapy Sport & Exercise, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[9] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sch Sci, Lab Physiol & Sport Performance LAFIDE, Ave Eng Luiz Edmundo C Coube, BR-17033360 Bauru, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Lasers in Medical Science; v. 34, n. 2, p. 255-262, MAR 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Physical exercise generates several benefits in a short time in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, it can increase the chances of muscle damage, a serious problem for diabetic patients. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to treat these injuries, despite the serious adverse effects. In this way, photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and/or light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) can be used as an alternative in this case. However, its efficacy in tissue repair of trauma injuries in diabetes mellitus until now is unknown, as well as the combination between PBMT and NSAIDs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of NSAIDs and PBMT applied alone or combined on functional and biochemical aspects, in an experimental model of muscle injury through controlled trauma in diabetic rats. Muscle injury was induced by means of a single trauma to the animals' anterior tibialis muscle. After 1 h, the rats were treated with PBMT (830 nm; continuous mode, with a power output of 100 mW; 3.57 W/cm(2); 3 J; 107.1 J/cm(2), 30 s), diclofenac sodium for topical use (1 g), or combination of them. Our results demonstrated that PBMT + diclofenac, and PBMT alone reduced the gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at all assessed times as compared to the injury and diclofenac groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively). The diclofenac alone showed reduced levels of COX-2 only in relation to the injury group (p < 0.05). Prostaglandin E-2 levels in blood plasma demonstrated similar results to COX2. In addition, we observed that PBMT + diclofenac and PBMT alone showed significant improvement compared with injury and diclofenac groups in functional analysis at all time points. The results indicate that PBMT alone or in combination with diclofenac reduces levels of inflammatory markers and improves gait of diabetic rats in the acute phase of muscle injury. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/23613-0 - Comparison of the effect of low-level laser therapy and diclofenac on inflammatory process, tissue repair and biochemical aspects and morphological aspects in an experimental model of skeletal muscle trauma in diabetic rats
• Grantee: Rodrigo Leal de Paiva Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants