Polysaccharides from chayote enhance lipid efflux and regulate NLRP3 inflammasome priming in macrophage-like THP-1 cells exposed to cholesterol crystals

Author(s)

Castro-Alves, Victor Costa ^{[1, 2, 3, 4]} ; Shiga, Tania Misuzu ^{[1, 2, 3, 4]} ; Oliveira do Nascimento, Joao Roberto ^{[1, 5, 2, 3, 4]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Food Sci & Expt Nutr, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo Res Fdn, Food Res Ctr FoRC, CEPID, FAPESP, Res Ctr, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Sao Paulo Res Fdn, Food Res Ctr FoRC, CEPID, FAPESP, Innovat Ctr, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Sao Paulo Res Fdn, Food Res Ctr FoRC, CEPID, FAPESP, Disseminat Ctr, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Food & Nutr Res Ctr NAPAN, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules; v. 127, p. 502-510, APR 15 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

The contribution of dietary fiber to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis may occur through other mechanisms besides the increased excretion of cholesterol. Although macrophages are crucial for lipid clearance, the excessive uptake of cholesterol crystals (CC) by these cells induce NLRP3 inflammasome and foam cell formation. Thus, we investigated whether the water-soluble DF from chayote (WSP) regulate CC-pretreated macrophage-like THP-1 cells. Linkage analysis indicated that WSP is composed mainly of pectic homogalacturonan and highly branched type I rhamnogalacturonan as well as hemicellulosic material including glucomannan, xyloglucan, and glucurono(arabino)xylan. WSP reduced interleukin (IL)-1 beta and chemokine release in CC-pretreated macrophages. Notably, WSP also reduced lipid accumulation in cells previously exposed to CC. Furthermore, WSP up regulated liver X receptor alpha expression, which may account for increased lipid efflux, and reduced matrix metallopeptidase 9 expression. WSP also reduced active caspase-1 protein levels, and downregulated NLRP3 and IL-1 beta gene expression in CC-pretreated cells, suggesting that this polysaccharide fraction regulates the priming signals required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Thus, WSP regulate lipid efflux and suppress inflammasome priming in macrophages, suggesting that the health benefits of this dietary fiber could go beyond its physical properties on the gastrointestinal tract. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/05083-0 - Effects of fungal and plant non-starch polysaccharides on macrophage function
• Grantee: Victor Costa Castro Alves
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 13/07914-8 - FoRC - Food Research Center
• Grantee: Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC