DEM-based geomorphological mapping and landforms characterization of a tropical karst environment in southeastern Brazil

Author(s)

Garcia, Guilherme P. B. ^[1] ; Grohmann, Carlos H. ^[2]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Geosci, BR-05508080 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Energy & Environm, BR-05508010 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of South American Earth Sciences; v. 93, p. 14-22, AUG 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

This work presents a 1:10,000 geomorphological mapping of an area in southeastern Brazil, based on morphometric analysis of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), while classical methods focus on photo interpretation. Data derived from the DEM include elevation, slope gradient, slope aspect, vertical and horizontal curvatures, amplitude, elongation and wavelength of landforms. These parameters were used along with slope shape and drainage patterns to classify the landforms according to the Land Systems method, in which portions of the landscape that presents similar terrains attributes are grouped from regional (low detail) to local (high detail) scales, respectively, Land Systems, Land Units and Land Elements. The Sao Paulo State geomorphological map at 1:1,000,000 scale is considered the best reference source, and was compared with the results obtained in this project. Two Land Systems, four Land Units and twelve Land Elements were identified in the study area. In this area, karst terrains are common and easily identified due their characteristics drainage patterns, amplitude and slope gradient. Karst terrain boundaries defined in this study do overlap with those defined in the state map, however the morphometric analysis allowed a better description of the terrain attributes used to define them. The terrain attributes derived automatically from the DEM enabled an accurate geomorphological classification of the study area. The methodology presented in this paper is considered effective for mapping landforms at a detailed scale and can be employed in regional scale mapping using coarser resolution DEMs. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/06628-0 - Application of high-resolution digital elevation models in geology and geomorphology
• Grantee: Carlos Henrique Grohmann de Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/50297-0 - Dimensions US-BIOTA São Paulo: a multidisciplinary framework for biodiversity prediction in the Brazilian Atlantic forest hotspot
• Grantee: Cristina Yumi Miyaki
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants