Assessment of the autoxidation mechanism of p-toluenediamine by air and hydrogen peroxide and determination of mutagenic environmental contaminant in beauty salon effluent

Author(s)

de Souza, Joao Carlos ^[1] ; da Silva, Bianca Ferreira ^[1] ; Morales, Daniel Alexandre ^[2] ; Umbuzeiro, Gisela de Aragao ^[2] ; Boldrin Zanoni, Maria Valnice ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Natl Inst Alternat Technol Detect Toxicol Assessm, Inst Chem, Dept Analyt Chem, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] State Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Fac Technol, Campinas, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Science of The Total Environment; v. 685, p. 911-922, OCT 1 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The present work investigated the autoxidation reaction of p-toluenediamine (PTD) - a precursor- widely used in permanent hair dyeing formulation, under experimental conditions close to the hair dyeing process (oxygen and/or peroxide in ammoniacal medium), by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. In additional, evaluated the mutagenicity of the PTD oxidation products and the presence of PTD and this products in wastewater from beauty salon, as well as in surface water and drinking water using HPLC coupled to a diode array detector and linear scan voltammetry. Through this study, it was possible the identification of semi-quinonediimine, quinonediimine, dimers (derived from toluenediamine), and trimer radical identified as Bandrowski's Base derivative (BBD) formed during autoxidation of PTD. Salmonella Typhimurium YG1041 assay with and without metabolic activation induced rat-liver (S9) indicated mutagenic activity for BBD. Levels of PTD were determined by the standard addition method in samples collected from the wastewater of a beauty salon, as well as from the water before and after treatment in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) reached concentrations of 2.08 +/- 021, 2.36 +/- 0.10 x 10(-3), and 1.77 +/- 0.13 x 10(-3) mg L-1, respectively. In addition, linear sweep voltammetry was used to monitor the BBD found at the concentration of 1.59 +/- 0.35 mg L-1 in wastewater collected from the beauty salon. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/12998-1 - Chromatographic and electroanalytical methods applied in determination of p-toluenediamine and p-aminophenol in oxidative medium used in permanent hair dye.
• Grantee: João Carlos de Souza
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 14/03679-7 - Degradation of hair dyes and salon wastewater by photoelectrocatalysis with modified TiO2 nanotube electrodes and combination with ozonation
• Grantee: Guilherme Garcia Bessegato
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)