Radiographic and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Root Canal Treatment Using Different Irrigation Systems

Author(s)

Sidinéia Feitoza de Jesus ; Nestor Cohenca ^[2] ; Priscilla Coutinho Romualdo ^[3] ; Paulo Nelson-Filho ^[4] ; Alexandra Mussolino de Queiroz ^[5] ; Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto ^[6] ; Francisco Wanderley Garcia Paula-Silva ^[7] ; Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva ^[8]

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Brazilian Dental Journal; v. 30, n. 2, p. 123-132, 2019-03-00.

Abstract

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic periapical repair and the synthesis of inflammatory mediators after endodontic treatment in a single session, using different irrigation protocols, in teeth with apical periodontitis. Experimental apical periodontitis were induced in dog’s teeth randomly assigned into 4 groups: G1 - Irrigation by Negative Apical Pressure (n= 20); G2 - Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (n= 20), G3 - Positive Pressure Irrigation (n= 20); G4 - apical periodontitis without treatment (n= 20). After 180 days, the animals were euthanized, the tissues removed and submitted to histotechnical processing for immunohistochemical analysis of osteopontin (OPN), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and interleukin 1-a (IL-1a). Radiographic analysis was performed using the Periapical Index (PAI), obtained prior to and 180 days following endodontic treatment. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Fisher’s Exact test or Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s post-test (a = 5%). Radiographically, after endodontic treatment, apical periodontitis persisted in 35% of G1 specimens, 40% of G2 and 40% of G3 (p>0.05), although a PAI reduction was observed (p<0.05). By immunohistochemical evaluation, endodontic treatment resulted in lower synthesis of TNF-a and OPN in periapical region, compared to apical periodontitis without treatment (p<0.05). Production of IL-1 was not modulated by endodontic treatment (p>0.05). Periapical healing was observed in approximately 60% of the cases after endodontic treatment performed in a single session with lower synthesis of TNF-a and OPN in the periapical region, regardless of the irrigation protocol used. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/23790-1 - Negative pressure irrigation (ENDOVAC) versus conventional irrigation: histopathology, immunohistochemistry and histoenzimology study, in dogs' teeth with apical periodontitis
• Grantee: Paulo Nelson Filho
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants