Abatacept induced long-term non-progressive reduction in gamma-globulins and autoantibodies: dissociation from disease activity control

Author(s)

Dinis, Valquiria G. ^{[1, 2]} ; Viana, Vilma T. ^[1] ; Leon, Elaine P. ^[1] ; Silva, Clovis A. ^{[1, 3]} ; Saad, Carla G. ^[1] ; Moraes, Julio C. ^[1] ; Bonfa, Eloisa S. ^[1] ; Medeiros-Ribeiro, Ana C. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Hosp Clin, Div Rheumatol, Av Dr Arnaldo 455, 3 And, 3190 C Cesar, BR-05403010 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Escola Super Ciencias Santa Casa Misericordia Vit, EMESCAM, Vitoria, ES - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Hosp Clin, Pediat Rheumatol Unit, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY; v. 39, n. 6, p. 1747-1755, JUN 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Objectives To evaluate long-term effects on gamma-globulins and autoantibodies of abatacept (ABA) versus tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Method Eighteen RA patients undergoing abatacept (ABA-RA) and 18 age/sex-matched patients treated with TNFi (TNFi-RA) were compared regarding clinical data, total gamma-globulins (TGG), specific subtypes (IgG, IgM, IgA), free light chains (FLC), IgM/IgG rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP3), and anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV), assessed before and every 6 months, up to 24 months. Exclusion criteria: previous abatacept/rituximab or low TGG (< 0.7 g/dL). Results At baseline, female sex (78 vs. 78%), age (55 vs. 53 years), DAS28 (5.73 vs. 5.67), TGG (1.4 vs. 1.35 g/dL), IgG (1168 vs. 1079 mg/dL), IgM (107 vs. 113 mg/dL), IgA (333 vs. 322 mg/dL), kappa (342 vs. 249 mg/dL), lambda (170 vs. 150 mg/dL), IgM-RF (76 vs. 53 UI), IgG-RF (63 vs. 25 UI), anti-CCP3 (216 vs. 189 UI), and anti-MCV (202 vs. 102 UI) were comparable in ABA-RA and TNFi-RA (p > 0.05). Similar disease activity improvement was observed in both groups. In ABA-RA, significant decreases (p < 0.05) were observed in TGG (1.4 vs. 1.05 g/dL), IgG (1168 vs. 997), IgA (333 vs. 278 mg/dL), kappa (342 vs. 257 mg/dL), lambda (170 vs. 144 mg/dL), IgM-RF (76 vs. 37 UI), IgG-RF (65 vs. 24 UI), anti-CCP3 (216 vs. 183 UI), and anti-MCV (202 vs. 60 UI) at 6 months, without further decreases. In contrast, TNFi-RA showed no decrease in any of such parameters. ABA-RA also had more often transient IgG levels under the lower limit of normality (66.7% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.046). No severe infection occurred. DAS28, ESR, and CRP correlated significantly to gamma-globulins and FLC at baseline (p < 0.05), but these correlations were longitudinally lost in ABA-RA, but not in TNFi-RA. Conclusion ABA, but not TNFi, induces a safe, persistent, long-term, and non-progressive reduction in gamma-globulins and autoantibodies, including anti-MCV. This pattern is dissociated from disease activity control. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/03756-4 - Assessment of relevance of blood levels of drugs in the monitoring rheumatic autoimmune diseases: safety, effectiveness and adherence to therapy
• Grantee: Eloisa Silva Dutra de Oliveira Bonfá
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants