Genotyping Reveals High Clonal Diversity and Widespread Genotypes of Candida Causing Candidemia at Distant Geographical Areas

Author(s):Show less -

Guinea, Jesus ^{[1, 2, 3]} ; Arendrup, Maiken C. ^{[4, 5, 6]} ; Canton, Rafael ^{[7, 8, 9]} ; Canton, Emilia ^[10] ; Garcia-Rodriguez, Julio ^[11] ; Gomez, Ana ^{[1, 2]} ; de la Pedrosa, Elia Gomez G. ^{[7, 8]} ; Hare, Rasmus K. ^[5] ; Orden, Beatriz ^[12] ; Sanguinetti, Maurizio ^[13] ; Peman, Javier ^{[10, 14]} ; Posteraro, Brunella ^[15] ; Ruiz-Gaitan, Alba ^[10] ; Parisi, Gabriella ^[16] ; Da Matta, Daniel Archimedes ^[17] ; Colombo, Arnaldo L. ^[17] ; Sanchez-Carrillo, Carlos ^{[1, 2, 3]} ; Reigadas, Elena ^{[1, 2, 3]} ; Munoz, Patricia ^{[1, 2, 3, 18]} ; Escribano, Pilar ^{[1, 2, 3]}

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon, Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Madrid - Spain

^[2] Univ Complutense Madrid, Inst Invest Sanitaria Gregorio Maranon, Madrid - Spain

^[3] CIBER Enfermedades Resp CIBERES CB06 06 0058, Madrid - Spain

^[4] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Clin Med, Copenhagen - Denmark

^[5] Statens Serum Inst, Unit Mycol, Copenhagen - Denmark

^[6] Rigshosp, Dept Clin Microbiol, Copenhagen - Denmark

^[7] Hosp Ramon & Cajal, Serv Microbiol, Madrid - Spain

^[8] Inst Ramon y Cajal Invest Sanitaria IRYCIS, Madrid - Spain

^[9] Inst Salud Carlos III, Red Espanola Invest Patol Infecciosa REIPI, Madrid - Spain

^[10] Univ Valencia, Inst Invest Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia - Spain

^[11] Hosp La Paz, Dept Clin Microbiol, Madrid - Spain

^[12] Hosp Puerta Hierro Majadahonda, Dept Clin Microbiol, Madrid - Spain

^[13] Fdn Policlin Univ A Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento Sci Lab & Infettivol, Rome - Italy

^[14] Hosp Univ & Politecn La Fe, Dept Clin Microbiol, Valencia - Spain

^[15] Fdn Policlin Univ A Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento Sci Gastroenterol Endocrinometab & N, Rome - Italy

^[16] Azienda Osped San Camillo Forlanini, Dept Clin Microbiol, Rome - Italy

^[17] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Special Mycol Lab, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[18] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Med, Fac Med, Madrid - Spain

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY; v. 10, MAY 5 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to gain further insight on Candida genotype distribution and percentage of clustered isolates between hospitals and to identify potential clusters involving different hospitals and cities. We aim to genotype Candida spp. isolates causing candidemia in patients admitted to 16 hospitals in Spain, Italy, Denmark, and Brazil. Eight hundred and eighty-four isolates (Candida albicans, n = 534; C. parapsilosis, n = 282; and C. tropicalis, n = 68) were genotyped using species-specific microsatellite markers. CDC3, EF3, HIS3, CAI, CAIII, and CAVI were used for C. albicans, Ctrm1, Ctrm10, Ctrm12, Ctrm21, Ctrm24, and Ctrm28 for C. tropicalis, and CP1, CP4a, CP6, and B for C. parapsilosis. Genotypes were classified as singletons (genotype only found once) or clusters (same genotype infecting two or more patients). Clusters were defined as intra-hospital (involving patients admitted to a single hospital), intra-ward (involving patients admitted to the same hospital ward) or widespread (involving patients admitted to different hospitals). The percentage of clusters and the proportion of patients involved in clusters among species, genotypic diversity and distribution of genetic diversity were assessed. Seven hundred and twenty-three genotypes were detected, 78 (11%) being clusters, most of which (57.7%; n = 45/78) were intra-hospital clusters including intra-ward ones (42.2%; n = 19/45). The proportion of clusters was not statistically different between species, but the percentage of patients in clusters varied among hospitals. A number of genotypes (7.2%; 52/723) were widespread (found at different hospitals), comprising 66.7% (52/78) of clusters, and involved patients at hospitals in the same city (n = 21) or in different cities (n = 31). Only one C. parapsilosis cluster was a widespread genotype found in all four countries. Around 11% of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis isolates causing candidemia are clusters that may result from patient-to-patient transmission, widespread genotypes commonly found in unrelated patients, or insufficient microsatellite typing genetic discrimination. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/02203-7 - Multidisciplinary and international network to characterize microbiological aspects and natural history of invasive fungal infections due Candida spp
• Grantee: Arnaldo Lopes Colombo
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants