Multiple Sex Chromosomes and Evolutionary Relationships in Amazonian Catfishes: The Outstanding Model of the Genus Harttia (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

Author(s)

Sassi, Francisco de M. C. ^[1] ; Deon, Geize A. ^{[1, 2]} ; Moreira-Filho, Orlando ^{[1, 2]} ; Vicari, Marcelo R. ^[2] ; Bertollo, Luiz A. C. ^[1] ; Liehr, Thomas ^[3] ; de Oliveira, Ezequiel Aguiar ^[4] ; Cioffi, Marcelo B. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Lab Citogenet Peixes, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Ponta Grossa, Dept Biol Estrutural Mol & Genet, BR-84010330 Ponta Grossa, PR - Brazil

^[3] Univ Hosp Jena, Inst Human Genet, D-07747 Jena - Germany

^[4] Secretaria Estado Educ Mato Grosso SEDUC MT, BR-78049909 Cuiaba, MT - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: GENES; v. 11, n. 10 OCT 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 3

Abstract

The armored Harttia catfishes present great species diversity and remarkable cytogenetic variation, including different sex chromosome systems. Here we analyzed three new species, H. duriventris, H. villasboas and H. rondoni, using both conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques (Giemsa-staining and C-banding), including the mapping of repetitive DNAs using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) experiments. Both H. duriventris and H. villasboas have 2n = female 56/male 55 chromosomes, and an X1X1X2X2 /X1X2Y sex chromosome system, while a proto or neo-XY system is proposed for H. rondoni (2n = 54 female male). Single motifs of 5S and 18S rDNA occur in all three species, with the latter being also mapped in the sex chromosomes. The results confirm the general evolutionary trend that has been noticed for the genus: an extensive variation on their chromosome number, single sites of rDNA sequences and the occurrence of multiple sex chromosomes. Comparative genomic analyses with another congeneric species, H. punctata, reveal that the X1X2Y sex chromosomes of these species share the genomic contents, indicating a probable common origin. The remarkable karyotypic variation, including sex chromosomes systems, makes Harttia a suitable model for evolutionary studies focusing on karyotype differentiation and sex chromosome evolution among lower vertebrates. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/22033-1 - An intercontinental approach for the investigation of chromosome evolution, genetic diversity and biogeography in the order Osteoglossiformes (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha). Part III
• Grantee: Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 20/02681-9 - Evolutionary relationships and demographic history in Loricariidae (Siluriformes) species, with emphasis on Harttia genus
• Grantee: Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate